Determination of normal gastric emptying time and small intestinal transit time are useful in detecting gastrointestinal motility disorders and partial obstructions of the pylorus or small intestine. This study was conducted to evaluate iodixanol as a contrast agent in the gastrointestinal tract in New Zealand White rabbit. Twelve clinically healthy adult rabbits were prepared and kept for two ...

Measuring ease of access to transit services is important in evaluating existing services, predicting travel demands, allocating transportation investments, and making decisions on land development. A composite index to assessing accessibility of public transit is described. It involves use of readily-available methods and represents a more holistic measure of transit accessibility, integrating...

In past work we described a system of components that are used to construct transit traveler information applications. In this paper we describe an ongoing project that uses the same component architecture to combine maps, schedules, and AVL information from four transit agencies. The result is a set of web applications suitable for both transit management and traveler information. We describe ...

The main reasons agencies consider hybrid transit vehicles are fuel savings and reduced emissions. Hybrid electric buses offer an attractive option and have the potential to reduce operating costs for transit agencies significantly. Wayne et al. (2009) estimated that use of diesel-electric hybrid buses in 15 percent of the US transit fleet could reduce fuel consumption by 50.7 million gallons o...

The role of the pituitary-adrenal axis in the inhibition of gastrointestinal transit caused by intrathecal administration of bombesin was examined. Bombesin (0.3-10 micrograms) slowed transit by this route in a dose-related manner. Either hypophysectomy or adrenalectomy prevented the inhibition of gastrointestinal transit associated with bombesin (10 micrograms, i.th.). The inhibitory gut effec...

This paper discusses spatial autocorrelation in mode choice models, including what kind of bias it introduces and how to remedy the problem. The research shows that a spatially autocorrelated mode choice model, not uncommon because of, in terms of transit characteristics homogeneous neighborhoods, systematically overestimates transit trips from suburban transit-unfriendly areas and underestimat...

n-ary transit functions are introduced as a generalization of binary (2-ary) transit functions. We show that they can be associated with convexities in natural way and discuss the Steiner convexity as a natural n-ary generalization of geodesicaly convexity. Furthermore, we generalize the betweenness axioms to n-ary transit functions and discuss the connectivity conditions for underlying hypergr...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of estimating intestinal transit time in the general population using self recorded data on stool form, frequency of defecation, and the interdefecatory time interval. DESIGN Prospective measurement of bowel function. SETTING Bristol, Avon, UK between 1987 and 1989. SUBJECTS Subjects were drawn from 1897 people who comprised 72.2% of a stratified...

The study of the dynamic relationship between topological structure of a transit network and the mobility patterns of transit vehicles on this network is critical towards devising smart and time-aware solutions to transit management and recommendation systems. This paper proposes a time-varying graph (TVG) to model this relationship. The effectiveness of this proposed model has been explored by...

In this paper, a transit assignment model has been developed on stochastic networks, with considering vehicle capacity and scheduled timetable. The stochastic network based transit assignment model is appropriate to apply for bus and metro networks altogether since it can distinguish between uncertain and reliable travel times characteristics by imposing stochastic parameters on links or lines....