four reasons for attending in-service training courses were identified: the need for advancement, the need for acquiring occupational skills, cultural factors, and economic reasons and then the opinions of 135 teachers (85 males and 77 females) were surveyed regarding their ranked importance. the sample was randomly selected from among all teachers attending the in-service training centers in t...

PURPOSE The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) states that "residents should participate in scholarly activity." However, there is little guidance for effectively integrating scholarly activity into residency. This study was conducted to understand how pediatric residency programs meet ACGME requirements and to identify characteristics of successful programs. METHOD ...

background & aim : assisting parents in selection of appropriate method of delivery is one of targets of preparation classes of childbirth. group training method gives mothers a chance to share their experiences and beliefs with each other and the midwife may provide them with high quality training by presenting them with correct information. the aim of this study is to investigate the effect g...

The new training literature suggests that in a monopsonistic market employers will not only pay for fi rm-specifi c training but also for general training if the risk of poaching is limited. This implies that training participation should decrease when competition for employees is higher among fi rms. Using worker level data for Germany we fi nd that the hypothesis is supported empirically. Spe...

Using three representative individual-level datasets for West Germany, we estimate the effect of the extension of maternity leave from 18 to 36 months on young women’s participation in job-related training. Specifically, we employ difference-indifferences identification strategies using control groups of older women and older women together with young and older men. We find that maternity leave...

This study analyses the effects of training participation on wages and perceived job security for employees of different ages. Based on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, results indicate that only younger workers benefit from training by an increase in wages, whereas older employees’ worries about losing their job are reduced. This observation can also be explained by the fact that goa...

Determinants of Further Training: Evidence for Germany Based on a German representative sample of employees we explore the relevance and development of further training in private sector firms. We focus on formal training and explore possible individual and job-based determinants of its incidence. We also show changes over time during a 20 year observation period from 1989 to 2008. Most hypothe...