Although transit or road capacity increases are historically very common subjects of economic analysis, the implementations of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) strategies have been receiving increasing attention as resources for capacity expansion become increasingly scarce. There exists a strong business case for lower cost strategies to more efficiently deliver transportation in ways ...

systems makes area-wide traffic monitoring difficult, since detailed traffic models are necessary to interpolate between the measurement positions. An alternative approach is to collect traffic data by means of vehicles equipped with mobile measurement units, which flow with the traffic. These so called floating car data, FCD (Schaefer et al. 2002, BuSch et al. 2004), is often obtained from tax...

Traffic flow can be understood as a realization of a broad class of one dimensional physical systems, where a hard core repulsive interaction competes with a longer ranged attraction between the particles. It can be shown rigorously that the statistical properties of such systems in thermal equilibrium are well described by a family of distributions that stems from the random matrix theory. Ana...

In modern societies the demand for mobility is increasing daily. Hence, one challenge to researchers dealing with traffic and transportation is to find efficient ways to model and predict traffic flow, even if the behaviour of people in traffic is not a trivial problem. Increasingly more people travel longer distances and choose more complex routes and transportation means. Thus, the social nat...

Daganzo’s criticisms of second-order fluid approximations of traffic flow [C. Daganzo, Transpn. Res. B. 29, 277-286 (1995)] and Aw and Rascle’s proposal how to overcome them [A. Aw and M. Rascle, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 60, 916-938 (2000)] have stimulated an intensive scientific activity in the field of traffic modeling. Here, we will revisit their arguments and the interpretations behind them. We ...

Traffic flow propagation stability is concerned about whether a traffic flow perturbation will propagate and form a traffic shockwave. In this paper, we discuss a general approach to the macroscopic traffic flow propagation stability for adaptive cruise controlled (ACC) vehicles. We present a macroscopic model with velocity saturation for traffic flow in which each individual vehicle is control...

Software, databases, and methods from previous predictive model studies were used to assess benefits of augmenting parametric methods with kinetic model trajectory predictions. Those results were consistent with other studies of models for aircraft position prediction accuracy during climbs and descents. A kinetic model reduced error for average arrival meter fix crossing time predictions acros...

Simplicity and accuracy of models are crucial criteria of their construction in general and in road traffic systems especially. The quality of models is indeed a trade off between them because to complicate models are computational inefficient and can not be used in on line control and simulation of large systems. These goals fulfil the group model of traffic flow (Kaczmarek 1986), in which veh...

In this paper, we address issues related to flow correlation attacks and the corresponding countermeasures in mix networks. Mixes have been used in many anonymous communication systems and are supposed to provide countermeasures that can defeat various traffic analysis attacks. In this paper, we focus on a particular class of traffic analysis attack, flow correlation attacks, by which an advers...

Computer systems and networks suffer due to rapid increase of attacks, and in order to keep them safe from malicious activities or policy violations, there is need for effective security monitoring systems, such as Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Many researchers concentrate their efforts on this area using different approaches to build reliable intrusion detection systems. Flow-based intrus...