Tourniquet application and its subsequent release cause serious injuries to the skeletal muscle, nerve, and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) due to mechanical compression and ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Monitoring structural and functional repair of the NMJ, nerve, and skeletal muscle after tourniquet-induced injuries is beneficial in exploring potential cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible...

BACKGROUND Inguinal bleeding is a common and preventable cause of death on the battlefield. Four FDA-cleared junctional tourniquets (Combat Ready Clamp [CRoC], Abdominal Aortic and Junctional Tourniquet [AAJT], Junctional Emergency Treatment Tool [JETT], and SAM Junctional Tourniquet [SJT]) were assessed in a laboratory on volunteers in order to describe differential performance of models. OB...

This double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to determine whether subhypnotic doses of propofol have analgesic or sedative effects. Of 48 subjects randomly assigned to 1 of 4 bolus-infusion treatment groups, group 1 (n = 16) received propofol at 16 micrograms/kg per minute; group 2 (n = 16) received propofol at 32 micrograms/kg per minute; and group 3 (n = 8) received 10% intralipi...

OBJECTIVES The hypoalgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) was directly compared with the analgesic effect of pharmacological interventions using the submaximum effort tourniquet technique (SETT). METHODS 125 healthy subjects (mean age 24.44±4.46 years; 62.4% female, 37.6% male) performed SETT at baseline and under one of five experimental conditions (n=25 per group): EA (2 Hz with burst pu...

On the battlefield, a properly applied tourniquet can be an extremely effective means of controlling severe extremity wound hemorrhage. However, a great deal of confusion exists among soldiers, medics, and military medical officers on a number of tourniquet-related issues. What is an appropriate combat tourniquet? When is it appropriate to use a tourniquet? When and by whom should a tourniquet ...

We studied the effects of the timing of tourniquet release in 88 patients randomly allocated for release after wound closure and bandaging (group A), or before the quadriceps layer had been closed allowing control of bleeding before suture (group B). The groups were similar in mean age, weight, gender, preoperative knee score, radiographic grading, and prosthesis implanted. Patients in group B ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The use of a pneumatic tourniquet can induce muscular and neurological complications in the operated limb. The genesis of these injuries could involve an ischaemia/reperfusion phenomenon and a compression under the cuff. We evaluated effects of an antioxidant, acetylcysteine and ischaemic preconditioning on the rhabdomyolysis and postoperative pain following a knee liga...

UNLABELLED The mechanism of tourniquet-induced arterial pressure increase is not known. We investigated the effect of preoperative ketamine on tourniquet-induced arterial pressure and heart rate changes in 85 patients undergoing knee surgery with a tourniquet under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups; Large Ketamine (n = 28; ketamine 1.0 mg/kg), Small Ketamine ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of tourniquet release before wound closure for hemostasis or after wound closure in cemented total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis and review work on relevant clinical outcomes to evaluate the effects of the timing of tourniquet release in cemented TKA. Electronic databases were searched for relevant ran...