The effect of the application of a tourniquet to a limb and the release of the accumulated metabolites have been investigated with reference to the acid-base level in the blood from the limb and in the right atrium. Investigations have been carried out experimentally in rhesus monkeys and observations have been made on patients undergoing reconstructive operations on the knee. The acidotic bloo...

Arterial tourniquets are used as one of the methods for reducing blood loss and for allowing blood free surgical field. A 20-year-old, 45 kg healthy female with a sphere shaped pendunculated hemangioma in the popliteal fossa of her left lower limb was applied with arterial tourniquet after exsanguination. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia. Soon after exsanguination and tourni...

All nail surgical procedures require the use of a tourniquet. The nail bed, being a very vascular structure, needs to be exsanguinated at the start and then a tourniquet needs to be tied at the base. A number of tourniquets have been described, including a Foley's catheter, a Penrose drain, a rubber strip or a rubber band. The present article explains the use of the easily available, improvised...

The patient acceptability of open carpal tunnel release under local anaesthesia (LA) and tourniquet control was assessed by a postal survey. 58 releases on 44 patients over a 3-year period were surveyed, with a questionnaire response rate of 91%. Use of LA for this procedure was effective and acceptable to most patients, but the incidence of severe pain due to infiltration of LA and the tourniq...

UNLABELLED To evaluate whether, by using an arthropump (irrigation equipment with pressure sensor), pneumatic tourniquet use could interfere with the duration of surgery, recovery of movement and joint volume in patients who underwent knee videoarthroscopy for partial meniscectomy. METHODS 103 patients divided randomly into two groups regarding use or nonuse of a pneumatic tourniquet were eva...

Describing a tourniquet as “an instrument of the devil that sometimes saves a life” encapsulates the considerable risk to a limb when a tourniquet is applied to arrest life-threatening extremity hemorrhage. The use of tourniquets is widespread in both military and civilian environments, particularly in the developing world; however, the balance of risk is unclear, and its efficacy is controvers...

Experiments have been carried out on rhesus monkeys to determine the effect of the application of a pneumatic tourniquet on the ultrastructure of the muscles of the lower limb. Tourniquets were applied for periods lasting between one and five hours. The changes in the muscle lying immediately under the cuff of the tourniquet were more marked than those observed in muscle distal to the cuff. Thr...

Tourniquets are commonly used in penile surgery to achieve a bloodless operating field or produce artificial erections intraoperatively. Several techniques have been described, but there is a paucity of data and a lack of guidelines to direct their safe use. In penile surgery, it is the local rather than systemic effects of tourniquet use that are the main concern. Tourniquet time should be kep...

Background: Ropivacaine for intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) provides prolonged analgesia over lidocaine and have a lower toxicity compared with bupivacaine. To reduce the amount of local anesthetic and to improve the quality of the block additives like opioids are used. Aim: The present study was designed to assess the anesthetic efficacy and post-tourniquet analgesia of adding fentanyl ...

BACKGROUND Tourniquets are used to provide a bloodless surgical field for extremities. Hypotension due to vasodilation and bleeding after tourniquet deflation is a common event. Hemodynamic stability is modulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Heart rate variability (HRV) is a sensitive method for detecting individuals who may be at risk of hemodynamic instability during general anesthe...