We show that thermal rectification (TR) in asymmetric graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is originated from phonon confinement in the lateral dimension, which is a fundamentally new mechanism different from that in macroscopic heterojunctions. Our molecular dynamics simulations reveal that, though TR is significant in nanosized asymmetric GNRs, it diminishes at larger width. By solving the heat diffus...

The newly discovered signal in the cc̄ spectrum by the BES collaboration is analysed on the basis of previous results of the Resonance-Spectrum-Expansion model for mesonmeson scattering. An explanation for the relatively large fraction of non-DD̄ modes for the ψ(1D)(3770) resonance is discussed. Very recently the BES Collaboration observed an anomalous line-shape in the range of 3.650 GeV to 3.87...

We review lattice evidence for the vortex mechanism of quark confinement and study the influence of charged matter fields on the vortex distribution. 1 Review of the vortex mechanism of quark confinement In the early days of QCD some people argued that quarks are confined due to the non-abelian nature of gauge-fields leading to attraction between flux-lines. But the abelian U(1) lattice gauge t...

An axisymmetric MHD model is examined analytically to illustrate some key aspects of the physics of hot and magnetized outflows which originate in the near environment of a central gravitating body. By analyzing the asymptotical behaviour of the outflows it is found that they attain a variety of shapes such as conical, paraboloidal or cylindrical. However, non cylindrical asymptotics can be ach...

Studies in rodents indicate that the cytokine, interleukin (IL)-17, links the activation of T-lymphocytes to neutrophilic inflammation. The aim of the current study was to determine whether free, soluble IL-17 protein can be released during severe inflammation in human airways. Fifteen healthy subjects were exposed to a swine confinement in order to induce severe inflammation characterized by h...

Performing lattice simulations of the four dimensional SU(2) gluodynamics we find evidence for existence of three-dimensional domains whose total volume scales in physical units. Technically, the domains are defined in terms of the minimal density of negative links in Z(2) projection of gauge fields. The volume can be viewed also as the minimal volume bound by the center vortices. We argue that...

We examined the relationship between plasma cortisol levels, hepatic glutamine synthetase (GNS) activity and the form of nitrogen excreted (e.g. urea, ammonia) in undisturbed versus confined/crowded (acutely stressed) gulf toadfish. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that acute increases in plasma cortisol levels are required to trigger the increase in GNS activity induced by the confinemen...

The spatial impulse response of a single variable-cross-section photoreceptor has been characterized assuming the incoming radiation to be an initial field propagating under confinement conditions inside the receptor. By application of Fourier analysis the total transfer function is determined. Both the outer and the inner segments are characterized as low-pass filters. The dependence of the tr...

A concept for a charge state multiplier, to be used for the production of energetic radioactive ion beams based on the ISOL+post-accelerator system, is discussed. The charge state breeder implies external ion injection into an Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS). The total efficiency, measured by injecting a low-energy nitrogen (Q=1+ ) beam, reached 14.5% and was essentially constant for confinemen...

Change is the major trend in today’s genetics. We are nearing the end of a 30 to 40 year era of rapid genetic progress for milk production and conformation, particularly in udder structure. We are entering an era when traits such as fertility, health, and survival have are becoming more valuable than they were in the recent past. These developments are influenced by strong industry trends towar...