Lignin is an abundant and environmentally friendly biopolymer that contains a large number of phenolic hydroxyl functional group. In this paper, alkaline lignin was modified using different acidic DES (choline chloride/p-toluenesulfonic acid choline chloride/lactic acid) at 130 ℃ (TC-lignin LC-lignin) the conformational relationship between products antioxidant activity investigated. characteri...

Burstein and Lieberman (1) have reported a procedure for the examination of urinary ketosteroid sulfates which involves the extraction of an acidified urine with ethyl acetate followed by solvolysis of the sulfates in the organic phase at 39” for 24 hours. Although the previous authors (1) recognized that this technique partitions water and mineral acid into the ethyl acetate, they did not repo...

Selective conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is of great significance for biomass conversion. In this study, a novel solid Brønsted acid was prepared simply by the copolymerization of paraformaldehyde and p-toluenesulfonic acid and then used to catalyze the conversion of various carbohydrates into HMF in γ-valerolactone-water (GVL/H2O) reaction medium...

During chronic kidney disease (CKD), there is a progressive accumulation of toxic solutes due to inadequate renal clearance. Here, the interaction between uremic toxins and two important efflux pumps, viz. multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was investigated. Membrane vesicles isolated from MRP4- or BCRP-overexpressing human embryonic kidney cells w...

The tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) group is one of the most widely used amine-protecting groups in multistep reactions synthetic organic chemistry as well peptide synthesis. Traditional methods to remove Boc have disadvantages terms high acidity, use expensive reagents, excessive amounts catalysts and harmful solvents temperatures, making them environmentally unsustainable. Therefore, more efforts...

A cyclohexanediyl-bridged, bis(N-xylyl) diketiminate ligand, (±)-C6H10(nacnac(Xyl)H)2, LH2 (Xyl = 2,6-dimethylphenyl), was obtained from the reaction of [(2,6-dimethylphenyl)amino]-pent-3-en-2-one first with Meerwein's salt, then with (±)-cyclohexanediamine. The reaction of the ligand with Zr(NMe2)4 yielded LZr(NMe2)2. Protonation of the remaining diamide ligands with EtOH or [H2NMe2]Cl yielded...