•Toe metastasis is a rare pattern of cervical cancer spread.•Enlarged erythematous toe is an important sign suggesting bone metastasis.•Toe metastasis represents a grave prognostic indicator of cervical cancer.

Toe-walking is one of the most prevalent gait deviations and has been linked to many diseases. Three major ankle kinematic patterns have been identified in toe-walkers, but the relationships between the causes of toe-walking and these patterns remain unknown. This study aims to identify these relationships. Clearly, such knowledge would increase our understanding of this gait deviation, and cou...

The purpose of this study is to develop a rat lumbosacral spinal cord injury (SCI) model that causes consistent motoneuronal loss and behavior deficits. Most SCI models focus on the thoracic or cervical spinal cord. Lumbosacral SCI accounts for about one third of human SCI but no standardized lumbosacral model is available for evaluating therapies. Twenty-six adult female Sprague-Dawley rats we...

Metatarsophalengeal joint injuries of great toe termed as ''turf toe" can occur in many sportive activities. However, it has not been reported before in taekwondoo players. These injuries may result in significant morbidity. Turf toe injuries, which are mainly treated with conservative methods, occasionally require surgery. In this case report, we present a surgically treated turf toe in a taek...

Neuroblast divisions in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans often give rise to a larger neuron and a smaller cell that dies. We have previously identified genes that, when mutated, result in neuroblast divisions that generate daughter cells that are more equivalent in size. This effect correlates with the survival of daughter cells that would normally die. We now describe a role for the DEP dom...

The duration of stance and swing phase and step and stride length are important parameters in human gait. In this technical note a low-cost ultrasonic motion analysis system is described that is capable of measuring these temporal and spatial parameters while subjects walk on the floor. By using the propagation delay of sound when transmitted in air, this system is able to record the position o...

We describe two new species of Ameiva Meyer, 1795 from the dry forest of the Northern Peruvian Andes. The new species Ameiva nodam sp. nov. and Ameiva aggerecusans sp. nov. share a divided frontal plate and are differentiated from each other and from their congeners based on genetic (12S and 16S rRNA genes) and morphological characteristics. A. nodam sp. nov. has dilated postbrachials, a maximu...

Alignment will be discussed in terms of what happens as a result of specified changes in the relative positions of the prosthetic components. As a person walks on his prosthesis the conditions which predominate at various stages can be identified: (a) the conditions of no-load, or swing phase, (b) the conditions under which there is full loading or stance phase, (c) the capacity to control the ...

Polycentric knees are frequently used in transfemoral prostheses because they provide added stability in stance phase and relative ankle dorsiflexion in swing phase. Despite this relative ankle dorsiflexion, patients still complain of inadequate toe clearance even with polycentric knees. We hypothesize that active ankle dorsiflexion via a knee-ankle coupling provides more toe clearance than pro...