INTRODUCTION Health utilities of tuberculosis (TB) patients may be diminished by side effects from medication, prolonged treatment duration, physical effects of the disease itself, and social stigma attached to the disease. METHODS We collected health utility data from Thai patients who were on TB treatment or had been successfully treated for TB for the purpose of economic modeling. Structur...

This study focuses on a comparison and evaluation of models and estimators appropriate for time-use data. The tobit type I as well as different generalizations are used. According to our findings, a simple tobit I method can produce results that are similar and in some cases even better to the much more sophisticated methods. This is especially true if the participation or index equation is inc...

BACKGROUND In order to measure and analyse the technical efficiency of district hospitals in Ghana, the specific objectives of this study were to (a) estimate the relative technical and scale efficiency of government, mission, private and quasi-government district hospitals in Ghana in 2005; (b) estimate the magnitudes of output increases and/or input reductions that would have been required to...

This study examined characteristics of individual bond and stock holders, using data from the 1989 Survey of Consumer Finances. The results of the tobit models showed bonds and stocks are more likely to be held by families with adequate financial resources to maintain daily lives and enough funds to meet short term financial needs. Households having a financial planning horizon of ten years or ...

BACKGROUND The Saudi Healthcare System is universal, financed entirely from government revenue principally derived from oil, and is 'free at the point of delivery' (non-contributory). However, this system is unlikely to be sustainable in the medium to long term. This study investigates the feasibility and acceptability of healthcare financing reform by examining households' willingness to pay (...

This papjer proposes alternatives to maximum likelihood estimation of the censored and truncated regression models (known to economists as "Tobit" models) . The proposed estimators are based on symmetric censoring or truncation of the upper tail of the distribution of the dependent variable. Unlike methods based on the assumption of identically distributed Gaussian errors/ the estimators are co...

This paper uses stochastic frontier analysis and Tobit regressions to provide international evidence on the impact of regulatory, supervision and environmental factors on bank efficiency. Our contribution is twofold. First, we use a newly constructed database of 3,086 observations from 677 publicly quoted commercial banks operating in 88 countries to provide cross-country evidence on the determ...

In this appendix we explain how to use our estimates and software to predict the EQ-5D when only the SF-12 is available. 1) Using our estimates: In the following example, we use estimates from the Mixture 2 model to make predictions based on classification (CEC). Table 2 shows parameters in the EQ-5D scale but in this example we use parameters in the reversed scale (1-EQ-5D) and we also use est...