OBJECT Within the primary motor cortex, navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) has been shown to yield maps strongly correlated with those generated by direct cortical stimulation (DCS). However, the stimulation parameters for repetitive nTMS (rTMS)-based language mapping are still being refined. For this purpose, the present study compares two rTMS protocols, which differ in the ti...

Introduction: For cognitive neuroscience research Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a useful method for probing brain connectivity, combined with fMRI. Standard fMRI experiments interleaved with TMS are possible as proven from several studies [1-2], but to date, there are no specific studies that thoroughly characterize and discuss all risks related to concurrent TMS/fMRI. An important...

We review past results and present novel data to illustrate different ways in which TMS can be used to study neural plasticity. Procedural learning during the serial reaction time task (SRTT) is used as a model of neural plasticity to illustrate the applications of TMS. These different applications of TMS represent principles of use that we believe are applicable to studies of cognitive neurosc...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been investigated as a potential treatment for chronic tinnitus 20 years. Numerous studies have reported that repetitive TMS (rTMS) demonstrated efficacy reducing the severity of and its associated co-conditions such depression, anxiety, insomnia. However, some researchers active rTMS is no more effective than sham (placebo) method. There are numerous...

BACKGROUND It is often stated that external validity is not sufficiently considered in the assessment of clinical studies. Although tools for its evaluation have been established, there is a lack of awareness of their significance and application. In this article, a comprehensive checklist is presented addressing these relevant criteria. METHODS The checklist was developed by listing the most...

Transactive memory systems (TMS) are systems of directories that are used to locate and use knowledge in groups. Previous research indicates that, by supporting group cognitive activities, TMS are important determinants of group performance. This paper applies the concept of TMS to knowledge sharing in organizations. The three process dimensions of TMS – directory maintenance, information stora...

We report a new strategy that uses N-trimethylsilyl (N-TMS) amine to mediate controlled ring-opening polymerization of amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs). This polymerization proceeds via a unique, trimethylsilyl carbamate (TMS-CBM) propagating group that results from the cleavage of the Si-N bond of N-TMS amine followed by NCA ring opening. Propagation of the polypeptide chains proceeds thr...

OBJECTIVES To approximate methods for human transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in rats, we tested whether lateralized cortical stimulation resulting in selective activation of one forelimb contralateral to the site of stimulation could be achieved by TMS in the rat. METHODS Motor evoked potentials (MEP) were recorded from the brachioradialis muscle bilaterally in adult male anesthetized ...

BACKGROUND Despite the widespread application of Symptom Checklist 90-R (SCL-90-R), its psychometric weaknesses have repeatedly been noted. This study aimed to comparatively assess the psychometric properties of the SCL-90-R scales and the scales of its short versions Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Symptom Checklist-27 (SCL-27), Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18), Symptom Checklist-14 (SCL-14)...

AIM To translate the Japanese Kihon Checklist (frailty index) into the Portuguese language, and to validate the use of the checklist for the assessment of the elderly Brazilian population. METHODS A semantic analysis was carried out, along with pretesting of bilingual participants. The checklist was validated against the Edmonton Frail Scale. RESULTS A total of 188 Brazilian older adults (m...