i131 is a famous radio-iodine isotope in use for diagnosis and treatment of hyper functioning and cancerous thyroid gland. it is a nuclear reactor product; however nuclear reactor may be unavailable in some areas. replacement by i-124 may be possible, another iodine isotope producible by cyclotron; a system more available than reactor. here absorbed fraction of gamma and beta rays of i-124 thro...

We previously demonstrated that there are developmental changes in proximal tubule Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE) activity. There is a maturational increase in postnatal brush-border membrane (BBM) vesicle NHE3 protein abundance and decrease in NHE8 protein abundance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether thyroid hormone plays a role in the rat renal maturational isoform switch from NH...

Thyroid cancer represents a spectrum of biological and molecular activity. As such it can behave in a variety of ways. This makes metastatic thyroid cancer challenging to manage. In advanced rapidly progressive thyroid cancer new agents and multimodality care represent promising therapeutic options for patients. However, these agents are not without risk and clinicians must be judicious with th...

Changes in thyroid function tests occur during pregnancy as a result of physiologic altera‐ tions in several factors controlling thyroid homeostasis. Urinary iodine excretion increases along with the increase in thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) concentrations. Human cho‐ rionic gonadotrophin (hCG) having structural homology with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), stimulates thyroid cells. Thus,...

AIMS To examine the possible consequences of high plasma concentrations of bromine on thyroid hormone. METHODS Bromine was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the plasma of 799 patients consulting for thyroid disorders. Because the mean (SD) bromine concentration in the plasma of healthy subjects is 4 (1) mg/l, concentrations above 6 mg/l were regarded as outside the n...

The present evidence indicates that serum pseudocholinesterase activity is increased to about 20% above the normal level in thyrotoxicosis and decreased by about 30% in myxoedema. Treatment restores the esterase level to the average mean activity of random normal as the patient becomes euthyroid. There is no evidence in the present investigation that any of the pseudocholinesterase variants mod...

In L-arginine metabolizing pathways, arginase and nitric oxide synthase are regulated in a reciprocal manner. recent years, has been proposed as key player hyperthyroidism. The importance of arginine control not yet studied hypothyroidism. goal this study was to examine the activity type 2 diabetic patients with without two most popular endocrinopathies that exist clinical practice thyroid dise...

The interaction of immunological system, thyroid and pineal gland was studied in 5-week old males of Gallus domesticus. Several morphometrical parameters in pineal and thyroid glands were measured after bird immunization with human red blood cells and/or treatment with melatonin or seduxen, melatonin receptor blocker. The peak of the thyroid activity was found on Day 7 after immunization. The i...

Physiological changes during gestation are important to be aware of in measurement and interpretation of thyroid function tests in women with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Thyroid autoimmune activity is decreasing in pregnancy. Measurement of serum TSH is the first-line screening variable for thyroid dysfunction also in pregnancy. However, using serum TSH for control of treatment of maternal thy...