Abstract This paper investigates firms’ responses to threshold-dependent intensity of tax enforcement. We use administrative return data over the entire population German firms and exploit industry variation in firm size thresholds applied by administration. In our setting, each threshold marks a considerable spike audit hence should create strong incentives bunch below threshold. However, we f...

A bstract Parton distribution functions (PDFs) at large x are poorly constrained by high-energy experimental data, but extremely important for probing physics beyond standard model colliders. We study the calculation of PDFs large- through large-momentum P z expansion lattice quasi PDFs. Similar to deep-inelastic scattering, there two distinct perturbative scales in threshold limit where matchi...

The relationship between running speed (RS) and heart rate (HR) was determined in 210 runners. On a 400-m track the athletes ran continuously from an initial velocity of 12-14 km/h to submaximal velocities varying according to the athlete's capability. The HRs were determined through ECG. In all athletes examined, a deflection from the expected linearity of the RS-HR relationship was observed a...

Observations on the mating and parental behaviour of the green poison-dart frog were used to test two hypotheses for the function of female-female competition in this species. The hypothesis that females compete to monopolize as many mates as possible was not supported because: (1) male territoriality was associated with competition for females; (2) intra-female competition for mates was not mo...

We study an overlapping generations model of human capital accumulation with threshold effects using regional data for West Germany. Our basic goal is to shed light on what makes German regions grow. The paper finds that the relative income distribution appears to be stratifying into a trimodal distribution. Thus, application of the threshold model to a real world case, here West Germany, shows...

The threshold voltage distribution after ideal programming in NAND flash memory cells is usually distorted by a combination of the random telegraph noise (RTN), cell-to-cell Interference (CCI), and the retention process. To decide the original bits more accurately in this scenario, a precise channel model shall be utilized on the basis of the measured threshold voltages. This paper aims to char...

Clustering network is one of which complex network attracting plenty of scholars to discuss and study the structures and cascading process. We primarily analyzed the effect of clustering coefficient to other various of the single clustering network under localized attack. These network models including double clustering network and star-like NON with clustering and random regular (RR) NON of ER...

We study the properties of the level statistics of 1D disordered systems with long-range spatial correlations. We find a threshold value in the degree of correlations below which in the limit of large system size the level statistics follows a Poisson distribution (as expected for 1D uncorrelated-disordered systems), and above which the level statistics is described by a new class of distributi...