an the managers have experienced one kind of crisis or another in their organizations, and hence are willing to group and empower themselves in challenging them. this article while classifying the organizations in two categories as crisis accepting and crisis challenging, suggestion for making the organization as crisis challenging have been given. the process of crisis creation, three perspect...

Objective Three-dimensional (3D)-printing technology is being employed in a variety of medical and surgical specialties to improve patient care and advance resident physician training. As the costs of implementing 3D printing have declined, the use of this technology has expanded, especially within surgical specialties. This article explores the types of 3D printing available, highlights the be...

Different from robotics-based food manufacturing, three-dimensional (3D) food printing integrates 3D printing and digital gastronomy to revolutionize food manufacturing with customized shape, color, flavor, texture, and even nutrition. Hence, food products can be designed and fabricated to meet individual needs through controlling the amount of printing material and nutrition content. The objec...

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has gained increasing attention for its unique ability to create geometrically complex designs, which not only can be used mass manufacturing but also environmental and economic benefits. Additionally, as far the food industry is concerned, this emerging technology potential personalize products in terms of shape and/or nutritional requirements creating a wide ra...