This research investigated a membrane bioreactor (MBR) process for removing biodegradable organic matter (BOM) and trihalomethane (THM) precursors from pre-ozonated water. Bench-scale and mini-pilot-scale MBR experiments were conducted using powdered activated carbon (PAC) and acclimated biomass. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was removed through a combination of adsorption and biodegradation m...

Rainwater harvesting systems are one way to address the worldwide increase in water demand. If the harvested rainwater is for indoor use, residential users often disinfect it. If it is disinfected with chlorine, the presence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can lead to the formation of harmful disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes (THMs). Although the quality of harvested rainwater ...

Triple-helical microchannel (THM) constitutes a unique configuration for implementing parallel flows with enhanced interfacial mass transfer through torsion-induced advection in the bulk phases. Key operational aspects include identifying stable regimes of flow respect to phase rates and characterizing intensification achieved secondary flow. The current work investigates two-phase flow, typica...

The fate of organic nitrogen and carbon introduced into a swimming pool by pool users has been studied using a 2.2 m model pool. The study made use of a body fluid analogue, containing the primary endogenous organic amino compounds, and a soiling analogue represented by humic acid. The system was used to examine the effect of organic loading and organic carbon source (i.e. amino or humic acid) ...

S[ and Sg are then said to separate (or: to screen) S± and S2. Finally, Sf is called a binary subbase if each linked system S^ (zS^ (i.e., a subcollection S^' of ^ of which any two members meet) satisfies ς\Sf'φ 0. It is well-known that a binary subbase is TΊ (cf. van Mill [9, Lemma 1]), that a space carrying a binary subbase is compact (use Alexander's lemma), and that a space is completely re...

Abstract. About fifty years ago Mahler [M] proved that if α > 1 is rational but not an integer and if 0 < l < 1, then the fractional part of α is > l apart from a finite set of integers n depending on α and l. Answering completely a question of Mahler, we show (Thm. 1) that the same conclusion holds for all algebraic numbers which are not d-th roots of Pisot numbers. By related methods we also ...

OBJECTIVES Ideal treatment for achalasia permanently eliminates the dysfunctional lower oesophageal sphincter, relieving dysphagia and regurgitation. The aim of this study was to review the results in a series of patients undergoing video-imaged thoracoscopic Heller's myotomy (THM). METHODS Records of all patients undergoing THM by a single surgeon at one institution were analysed. Follow-up ...