Rapid i.v. induction of general anaesthesia is indicated in infants at risk of vomiting or regurgitation to reduce the risk of aspiration of gastric contents. Propofol is an alternative to thiopental in infants, and we have compared cardiovascular changes when propofol or thiopental was used for induction of anaesthesia in infants. Twenty infants, ASA I or II, aged 1-11 months, undergoing elect...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the effect of ephedrine pretreatment on the intensity of rocuronium injection pain when rocuronium was applied by timing principle and also to compare this effect with lidocaine and placebo. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 120 American Society of Anesthesiology risk score I-II patients scheduled for elective sur...

2527 lenged his state’s lethal-injection protocol. On April 7, U.S. District Judge Malcolm Howard ruled that his execution in North Carolina could proceed only if there were “execution personnel with sufficient medical training to ensure that Plaintiff is in all respects unconscious prior to and at the time of the administration of any pancuronium bromide or potassium chloride.” Subsequently, t...

Thiopental sodium (TPS) needs to be applied together with adrenalin in order to establish its analgesic effect in general anesthesia. We aimed to investigate the effect of TPS on the claw pain threshold in rats and evaluated its relationship with endogenous adrenalin (ADR), noradrenalin (NDR), and dopamine (DOP) levels. Intact and adrenalectomized rats were used in the experiment. Intact animal...

Experiments were undertaken to characterize a noninvasive chronic, model of nasal congestion in which nasal patency is measured using acoustic rhinometry. Compound 48/80 was administered intranasally to elicit nasal congestion in five beagle dogs either by syringe (0.5 ml) in thiopental sodium-anesthetized animals or as a mist (0.25 ml) in the same animals in the conscious state. Effects of mas...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of esmolol infusion on the prevention of haemodynamic responses to tracheal extubation in patients undergoing elective craniotomy. METHODS With approval from the Medical School Ethics Committee at Marmara University and the patients' written consent, 30 patients between 20-65 years of age undergoing elective craniotomy were randomly ...

We examined whether pretreatment with a small dose of thiopental was effective in reducing pain induced by the intravenous injection of rocuronium. Withdrawal movement was used to assess pain reduction. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: patients in the control group were pretreated with 2 mL saline, and those in the thiopental group were pretreated with 2 mL (50 mg) t...

As thiopental (thiopentone) suppresses cyclic GMP (cGMP) formation produced by nitric oxide donor drugs, we have tested if it suppresses cGMP formation and increases vascular tone after induction of calcium-calmodulin-independent nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Rat aortic rings were treated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1 microgram ml-1 for 4 h, and the effects of thiopental on t...

= Abstract = The new benzodiazepine, midazolam, that is water-soluble, shorter-acting, more potent, and less irritating to veins than diazepam, has been suggested use for induction of anesthesia. The induction tme (from the end of injection to spontaneous closing of eyes and to the disappearance of eyelash reflex), cardiovascular effects (mean arterial pressure; MAP, heart rate; HR, cardiac out...

UNLABELLED The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-recommended exposure levels for nitrous oxide exposure are 25 ppm as a time-weighted average over the time of exposure. The exposure limit for halogenated anesthetics (without concomitant nitrous oxide exposure) is 2 ppm. Inhaled sevoflurane provides an alternative to i.v. induction of anesthesia. However, the inadvertent rele...