Torpedo acetylcholinesterase is a disulfide-linked homodimer containing three intramolecular disulfide bonds, as well as a single free thiol on Cys-231. We report that in a "molten globule" state, produced by 1.5 M guanidine hydrochloride, this enzyme undergoes rapid intramolecular thiol-disulfide exchange, in the absence of reducing agents, resulting in the production of novel species. Most st...

Background: Parkinson's disease is one of the prevalent degenerative diseases of the neural system. Oxidative stress, which has been recognized as the most important factor of Parkinson's disease, plays a main role in the death of neurons in this disease. Antioxidants have a proved role in the prevention of oxidative stress. Objective: Considering the presence of evidence regarding antioxid...

Aliphatic thiols are in high demand materials chemistry. Herein, a synthesis of thio-derivatives 1-hexene vinylidene dimer is described. The approach, based on hydroalumination reaction with further replacement the organoaluminum function sulfur using thiourea or dimethyl disulfide, provides anti-Markovnikov products, 2-butyloctane-1-thiol 5-(methylsulfanylmethyl)undecane, moderate yields. phos...

Aim: EInflammation andoxidative stres play an active role in renal injury that develops after open heart operations as many diseases. There is a balance between oxidants and antioxidant defense mechanisms, the morbidity of cardiac surgery patients, this thought to change depending on factors.Materials Methods: 76 patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft were included study. Demograph...

The neuroimmunodegenerative syndrome that develops in mice infected with ts1, a mutant of Moloney murine leukemia virus, resembles human AIDS. Both ts1 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infect astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes but do not infect neurons. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the neuropathology of AIDS dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. We report her...

In this work, we investigated the formation, reactivity, and antiplatelet activity of various mixed disulfide conjugates of clopidogrel. Our results showed that the production of the active metabolite (AM) from 2-oxoclopidogrel by human liver microsomes (HLMs) is greatly affected by the thiol reductants used. Among the 10 thiol compounds tested, glutathione (GSH) is most efficient in producing ...

Many cancer cells follow an aberrant metabolic program to maintain energy for rapid cell proliferation. Metabolic reprogramming often involves the upregulation of glutaminolysis to generate reducing equivalents for the electron transport chain and amino acids for protein synthesis. Critical enzymes involved in metabolism possess a reactive thiolate group, which can be modified by certain oxidan...

1. Seven unique carboxymethylcysteine-containing peptides have been isolated from tryptic digests of rabbit muscle aldolase carboxymethylated with iodo[2-(14)C]acetic acid in 8m-urea. These peptides have been characterized by amino acid and end-group analysis and their location within the cyanogen bromide cleavage fragments of the enzyme has been determined. 2. Reaction of native aldolase with ...

Objectives: Cardiotoxicity is considered the primary cause of death in aluminum phosphide (ALP)-poisoned cases. Curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric, is a potent protective polyphenol compound against cardiac diseases including cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to examine the probable cardioprotection potential of nanocurcumin in a rat model of ALP-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: T...

In this work, we report an unusually concise immobilization of Cinchona organocatalysts using thiol-ene chemistry, in which catalyst immobilization and bead polymerization is combined in a single step. A solution of azo initiator, polyfunctional thiol, polyfunctional alkene and an unmodified Cinchona-derived organocatalyst in a solvent is suspended in water and copolymerized on heating by thiol...