Fruit thinning is defined as the removal of certain flowers or clusters of flowers or individual fruitlets after fruit set and natural dropping have occurred.it improves fruit yield and quality and return bloom for the following year.There are three types of thinning namely:hand,mechanical and chemical.Chemical thinning is the most common type of thinning.Various chemicals are used for thinning...

the following study was conducted at the research station of horticultural sciences (university of tehran, karaj) to investigate the effect of different irrigation levels and fruit site on the stalk upon the traits of: sink-source relationship, yield, and fruit quality in two iranian melon cultivars. the statistical design was a split split-plot of  three replications. treatments consisted of a...

Thinning is a widely used technique to obtain skeleton-like shape features (i.e., centerlines and medial surfaces) from digital binary objects. Conventional thinning algorithms preserve endpoints to provide important geometric information relative to the object to be represented. An alternative strategy is also proposed that preserves isthmuses (i.e., generalization of curve/surface interior po...

A 3D thinning algorithm erodes a 3D binary image layer by layer to extract the skeletons. This paper presents a correction to Ma and Sonka’s thinning algorithm, ‘A fully parallel 3D thinning algorithm and its applications’, which fails to preserve connectivity of 3D objects. We start with Ma and Sonka’s algorithm and examine its verification of connectivity preservation. Our analysis leads to a...

Thinning is a well-known technique for producing skeleton-like shape features from digital binary objects in a topology preserving way. Most of the existing thinning algorithms presuppose that the input images are sampled on orthogonal grids. This paper presents new sufficient conditions for topology preserving reductions working on hexagonal grids (or triangular lattices) and eight new 2D hexa...

an important issue in power generation and petrochemical industries is the monitoring of pipe wall thickness and corrosion/erosion rate. the pipes are usually subject to erosive and/or corrosive environments and any failure could be catastrophic. while periodic manual ultrasonic thickness measurement is the common practice in many industries, in certain cases, where higher accuracies are requir...

A progressive lens produces a smooth increase in positive foca_or addition_ power from distance to near without any lines of demarcation. In order to provide this gradual change in power, the curvature of a convex progressive lens surface must become increasingly steeper toward the bottom of the lens (Figure 1). The addition power of a convex progressive lens surface is simply the result of the...

A mangrove plantation as a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project is expected as a sink of greenhouse gases, because of their large CO2 sequestration ability of high primary productivity. The method for estimating the amount of carbon stock after plantation was essential for a planning of a mangrove CDM project. However, there is often no information about tree planting year and planting reg...

Introduction: Previous studies showed that white matter lesions (WMLs) were an important risk factor for cognitive impairment, but the mechanisms whereby WMLs induced cognitive impairment have not been clarified. We hypothesised that the correlation between WMLs and cognitive impairments would be mediated by cortical thinning. Methods: Patients with periventricular white matter hyperintensities...

AIM 10 eyes of 10 patients are reported where progression of keratoconus in the host cornea occurred more than 10 years after penetrating keratoplasty with resultant increase in astigmatism. The technique and results of graft refractive surgery in seven eyes are presented. METHODS The clinical features and management of these patients were retrospectively analysed. Graft refractive surgery in...