Extremophiles are micro-organisms adapted to survive in ecological niches defined as 'extreme' for humans and characterized by the presence of adverse environmental conditions, such as high or low temperatures, extreme values of pH, high salt concentrations or high pressure. Biomolecules isolated from extremophiles possess extraordinary properties and, in particular, proteins isolated from extr...

The xynA structural gene from the extremely thermophilic anaerobe Dictyoglomus thermophilum Rt46B.1 was fused in frame with the secretion signal of the Kluyveromyces lactis killer toxin in episomal expression vectors based on the Kluyveromyces plasmid pKD1. XynA was secreted predominantly as an unglycosylated 35-kDa protein which comprised up to 90% of the total extracellular proteins and reach...

In order to expand the range of dairy products for elderly, a technology has been developed preparing fermented milk drink with stevia, using combined starter culture from kefir fungi, bulgarian bacillus, thermophilic streptococcus and bifidobacteria. During research, modern standard methods were used. The research was carried out in laboratory Research Institute Agroecology Gorsk State Agraria...

The increasing sophistication in instrumentation, the implementation of powerful genetic techniques and the use of ribosomes of halophilic and thermophilic bacteria have resulted in major accomplishments which could not be foreseen earlier. Most of the recent studies are reviewed in three volumes of Biochemie, two of which are dedicated to the late HG Wittmann and one to A Spirin' s retirement,...

The most intensive study of the aerobic sporeforming bacteria (Smith et al., 1952) has revealed the lack of a clear-cut distinction between thermophilic and mesophilic species of the genus Bacius. It was found, however, that of the many cultures studied, only those belonging to the species BaciUlus stearotenwophilus would grow at 65 C. Some cultures of Bacillus coagulans, Bacius subtilie, Bacil...

The sequences of proteins encoded by a genome evolve at different rates. A correlate of a protein's evolutionary rate is its expression level: highly expressed proteins tend to evolve slowly. Some explanations of rate variation and the correlation between rate and expression predict that more slowly evolving and more highly expressed proteins have more favorable equilibrium constants for foldin...

philes Pseudomonas indigofera (Shiio et al., 1965) and Chlorella pyrenoidosa (John 8c Syrett, 1967) is apparently similar. In mutant PC2 NG35 cells the lyase accounts for 16 % of the soluble proteins. The corresponding proportion of malate synthase is 2.5% in the wild-type and 6% in the mutant. Themolecularweightsof thenativeenzymes, determined by gelfiltrationonaSepharose 6B column, are given ...

High-solids incubations were performed to enrich for microbial communities and enzymes that decompose rice straw under mesophilic (35°C) and thermophilic (55°C) conditions. Thermophilic enrichments yielded a community that was 7.5 times more metabolically active on rice straw than mesophilic enrichments. Extracted xylanase and endoglucanse activities were also 2.6 and 13.4 times greater, respec...

Thermophilic treatment is one of the advanced treatment technologies used for the purification of high-strength wastewaters. Thermophilic systems are conventionally used for sludge treatment, but their ability to reduce COD to a great extent with sludge generation one-tenth when compared to the other wastewater treatment technologies, have favored its application for wastewater purification. Mo...