OBJECTIVES To quantify the temperature increments in a simulated dental pulp following irradiation with an Er:YAG laser, and to compare those increments when the laser is applied with and without water spray. METHODS Two cavities were prepared on either the buccal or lingual aspect of sound extracted teeth using the laser. One cavity was prepared with water spray, the other without and the or...

The microstructure and local mechanical characteristics of thermal spray ferrous coatings have been determined. The emphasis has been on coatings made by the high velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) process, especially the role of Al alloy additives. The oxide phase present in the material and preferred pathways for local cracking and separation have been determined. Thin intersplat oxide layers emerge as ...

The interaction of turbulent nonpremixed flames with fine water spray is studied using direct numerical simulations (DNS) with detailed chemistry. The study is of practical importance in fire safety devices that operate in the mist regime, as well as an inexpensive temperature control mechanism for gas turbines. The implemented computational methods for the Lagrangian particle-in-cell spray dro...

Solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) have been used increasingly for improving the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. Labrasol® and Transcutol® are used widely as surfactant and solubilizer in the formulation of solid SMEDDS. We investigated the effects of spray-drying and the use of different solid carriers on concentrations of Labrasol® and Transcutol® in solid SMEDD...

Thermal spray in general, plasma spray in particular, is a highly complex process with numerous interacting variables associated with generation of the spray stream, deposit formation dynamics, and the resultant property linkages. Compounding this variability further are both the spatial (different booths and different locations) and temporal (process start-stops, hardware degradation, operator...

* Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Basel cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human skin malignancy. Its incidence has increased significantly in Australia, Europe and North America over the past decade. A number of modalities are currently used for treatment of BCC, including cryosurgery which offers a potential for high cure rate, low cost, minimal bleeding and good cosmetic...

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence of intermittent neck cooling during exercise bouts designed to mimic combat sport competitions. Participants (n = 13, age = 25.3 ̆ 5.0 year height = 176.9 ̆ 7.5 cm, mass = 79.3 ̆ 9.0 kg, body fat = 11.8% ̆ 3.1%) performed three trials on a cycle ergometer. Each trial consisted of two, 5-min high-intensity exercise (HEX) intervals ...

Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) have been the most common urban diseases in Southeast Asia since the 1950s. More recently, the diseases have spread to Central and South America and are now considered as worldwide diseases. Both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are involved in the transmission of DF/DHF in Southeast Asian region. The paper discusses the present status and...