some people think after human’s death, there is no commitment but the reality is different. he is committed to issues that are important such as: debt, blood money, loan and so on that for each there is a variety of topics. his posthumous commitments are due to be settled, and this is not impossible. in islamic jurisprudence, much attention has been paid to this issue, and it has been tackled f...

humiliation the role of women in family and emphasize on social identify of women is the common of feminist groups. islamic scholars also offered different opinions about the social role of women. these research efforts has focused on study the ideas of ayatollah khamenei, as one of the largest muslim thinkers in contemporary society and leadership of islamic republic of iran, about social role...

the topic of citizenship is an issue that many scholars from different point of views have paid attention to this concept. we can see and recognize some dimensions of citizenship in the works of greek and islamic philosophers. in this article, we examine the most important dimension of citizenship i.e. behavior. under the light of this research, as we can see in islamic religious texts, there a...

This is a commentary on the article ‘The rise of post-truth populism in pluralist liberal democracies: challenges for health policy.’ It critically examines two of its key concepts: populism and ‘post truth.’ This commentary argues that there are different types of populism, with unclear links to impacts, and that in some ways, ‘post-truth’ has resonances with arguments advanced in the period a...

Economists are obsessed with rankings of institutions, journals, or scholars according to the value some feature interest. These invariably computed using estimates rather than true values such features. As a result, there may be considerable uncertainty concerning ranks. In this paper, we consider problem accounting for by constructing confidence sets We marginal rank of, say, particular journ...