Modern lifestyle, industrialization and economy thrive on energy which is getting expensive overtime. Thermosyphon based systems are getting attraction for their promising heat transfer efficiency and zero energy utilization. Refrigerants having ozone depletion potential (ODP) and high Global Warming Potential (GWP) have been banned or under time bared permission under Montreal (1987) and Kyoto...

Contrary to conventional belief, it turns out that in some problem instances of moderate size, fixed temperature simulated annealing algorithms based on a heuristic formula for determining the optimal temperature can be superior to algorithms based on cooling. Such a heuristic formula, however, often seems elusive. In practical cases considered we include instances of traveling salesman, quadra...

the compressibility factor of nonassociated chain molecules composed of hard convex core yukawa segments was derived with saft-vr and an extension of the barker-henderson perturbation theory for convex bodies. the temperature-dependent chain and dispersion compressibility factors were derived using the yukawa potential. the effects of temperature, packing fraction, and segment number on the com...

in recent years, human activities has resulted increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (co2) concentration. increase in [co2] has caused global warming and climate change. the aim of this study was to assess potential climate change impact on production for one of the most important varieties of wheat (chamran) in ahvaz region. for this purpose, thirteen aogcm models and two greenhouse gases em...

The double sucrose-gap method was applied to single muscle fibers of Xenopus. From the "artificial node" of the fiber, action potentials were recorded under current-clamping condition together with twitches of the node. The action potentials were stored on magnetic tape. The node was then made inexcitable by tetrodotoxin or by a sodium-free solution, and the wave form of the action potential st...

We discuss multidimensional generalizations of multicanonical algorithm, simulated tempering, and replica-exchange method. We generalize the original potential-energy function E0 by adding any physical quantity V of interest as a new energy term with a coupling constant lambda. We then perform a multidimensional multicanonical simulation where a random walk in E0 and V spaces is realized. We ca...

In current day microprocessors, exponentially increasing power densities, leakage, cooling costs, and reliability concerns have resulted in temperature becoming a first class design constraint like performance and power. Hence, virtually every high performance microprocessor uses a combination of an elaborate thermal package and some form of Dynamic Thermal Management (DTM) scheme that adaptive...