Chitosan was used for nanoencapsulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus as probiotic bacteria. In vitro experiments were done with the objective of investigating the survival of the bacteria cells in gastro-intestinal conditions. The results demonstrated that the size of chitosan nanoparticles noticeably increases by increasing chitosan concentration from 0.05 to 0.5 g/mL. Encapsulation of the cel...

We present a 47-year-old patient with progressive dysphagia. Upper gastro intestinal endoscopy revealed middle third esophageal ulcer, the histology of which was moderately differentiated carcinoma. The patient underwent 3-stage esophagectomy with cervical gastro esophageal anastomosis. The histopathology revealed Crohn's disease of the esophagus. The clinical features and diagnosis of this rar...

Gastro-esophageal reflux is a gastrointestinal disorder that might cause irreversible damages to the hard tissues of the teeth. The aim of this article is to report two cases of patients with severe dental demineralization associated with gastro-esophageal reflux during orthodontic and combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgery treatment. Diagnosis and prevention aspects are highlighted and disc...