The IAS-ILF would particularly like to thank Mitchell Warren (AVAC), the experts and key informants that graciously provided their time and insight and Rodney Kort for leading the writing of this report. Acknowledgements Photo disclaimer: The photographs used in this publication are for illustrative purposes only; they do not imply HIV status, or any particular attitudes, behaviors, or actions ...

OBJECTIVES The Tooty Fruity Vegie (TFV) project was a multi-strategic, school-based intervention aimed at preventing the large decline in fruit and vegetable intake that typically starts during primary school. METHODS During 1999 and 2000, TFV was implemented in 10 volunteer primary schools across the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales. Surveys were conducted, in late 2000, with childr...

This paper utilized the performance of the rule-based filter for detecting Arabic alert e-mail. Alert e-mails are those e-mails related to criminal or terrorist activities which are of a great interest for both security agencies and people. A set of Arabic e-mails have been collected, pre-processed, and normalized. The useful features were extracted from the collected e-mails by involving categ...

The primary objective of this study was to measure atazanavir-ritonavir and tenofovir pharmacokinetics when the drugs were used in combination in young adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-infected subjects > or =18 to <25 years old receiving (> or =28 days) 300/100 mg atazanavir-ritonavir plus 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plus one or more other nucleoside analogs u...

Lactation studies are necessary evaluations of medications for reproductive-age women. We evaluated pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, safety, and adherence profiles associated with 7 days of 1% tenofovir (TFV) vaginal gel use during lactation. Tenofovir levels (maternal/infant serum, milk) and anti-HIV activity (milk), adverse events (AEs), and adherence were measured for 17 HIV-1-serone...

Transmission of drug-resistant HIV has been postulated to be a threat to current first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens and the efficacy of several antiretroviral-based preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) strategies being tested. Here we evaluated the effect of the common tenofovir (TFV) resistance mutation K65R on vaginal HIV transmission. Our results demonstrate that despite no overt los...

Using an established nonhuman primate model, rhesus macaques were infected intravenously with a chimeric simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) consisting of SIVmac239 with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase from clone HXBc2 (RT-SHIV). The impacts of two enhanced (four- and five-drug) highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) on early viral decay and rebound...

TO THE EDITOR—We challenge the conclusions drawn by Hurt et al in their Viewpoint article " Pre-exposure Prophy-laxis and Antiretroviral Resistance: HIV Prevention at a Cost? " The authors cite the very few cases of human immunode-ficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance that have occurred in seroconverters from trials of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as evidence of the potential for PrEP to jeop...