UNESCO heritage policies encourage the idea that should be ‘shared’ at international scale, and invite states involved actors to adopt this vision. Yet, ‘sharedness’ can understood in many different ways. This paper explores several territorial political issues related notion of sharedness. A focus on uses a particular tool – ‘multinational nominations’ sheds light transnational cultural practi...

Previous investigations suggest that male tropical birds have lower plasma testosterone concentrations than northern latitude species. To test whether this generalization is valid, we analyzed all currently available plasma testosterone data of tropical birds. We focused on peak breeding testosterone levels using phylogenetic and conventional statistics. Explanatory variables considered were so...

Understanding how abundance regulates the effects of organisms on their ecosystems remains a critical goal of ecology, especially for understanding inter-ecosystem transfers of energy and nutrients. Here we examined how territoriality and nest-digging by anadromous salmon mediate trophic subsidies to stream fishes. Salmon eggs become available for consumption primarily by the digging of salmon ...

Most studies of adaptive radiations focus on morphological aspects of differentiation, yet behavior is also an important component of evolutionary diversification, often mediating the relationship between animal ecology and morphology. In species within radiations that are convergent in ecology and morphology, we then also expect convergence in behavior. Here, we examined 13 Anolis lizard speci...

AssTP•CT.--Several ines of evidence indicate that the territorial behavior of postbreeding North American hummingbirds can be explained in primarily energetic terms. The territoriality of breeding males, however, may be different in that it may play an important role in courtship. The results of this study on breeding male Calliope Hummingbirds (Stellula calliope) indicated that territoriality ...