BACKGROUND The drug ketamine is frequently abused for recreational use in Asia, but few studies in humans have focused on the effects of ketamine exposure during pregnancy on the health of neonates. Here, we report a neonate whose mother was suspected of ketamine abuse during pregnancy. The case was confirmed by testing hair samples of the neonate. METHODS Hair samples of the neonate were tak...

background: it has been documented that cytokines play important roles in the induction of normal functions of the placenta. it has been hypothesized that abnormal expression of the cytokines may be associated with unsuccessful pregnancy. objective: the aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of interleukin-17a (il-17a) and tumor growth factor (tgf-ß) in pre-term, term neonates, and t...

The auditory evoked brain stem potential was recorded in 14 normal full-term infants and nine normal-hearing adults. Silver-silver chloride electrodes were placed at nasion, forehead, vertex, each mastoid over the bony prominence, and the seventh cervical vertebra (noncephalic reference) in order to study the scalp distribution of the auditory brain stem response. Large differences in the scalp...