Reasons for the development of chronic tendon pathologies are still under debate and more basic knowledge is needed about the different diseases. The aim of the present study was therefore to characterize different acute and chronic Achilles tendon disorders. Achilles tendon samples from patients with chronic tendinopathy (n = 7), chronic ruptures (n = 6), acute ruptures (n = 13), and intact te...

The etiology of rotator cuff tendinopathy is multi-factorial, and has been attributed to both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms. Extrinsic factors that encroach upon the subacromial space and contribute to bursal side compression of the rotator cuff tendons include anatomical variants of the acromion, alterations in scapular or humeral kinematics, postural abnormalities, rotator cuff and scapu...

INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE VISA-P questionnaire assesses to severity of symptoms and treatment effects in athletes with patellar tendinopathy. The purpose of this study was to translated VISA-P questionnaire into Turkish language and to determine its validity and reliability. METHODS The English version of VISA-P questionnaire was translated into Turkish according to the internationally recomme...

Symptomatic tendon tears are one of the most important causes of pain and joint dysfunction. Among the intrinsic causes, vascularization recently gained a major role. Endothelial function is indeed a key factor, as well as vascular tone and thrombotic factors, in the regulation of vascular homeostasis and the composition of vascular wall. In this review, we studied systematically whether there ...

OBJECTIVES To determine the expression of mRNA encoding the proteoglycans aggrecan, versican, biglycan and decorin in mid-tendon samples of chronic painful Achilles tendinopathy and ruptured Achilles tendons, compared with normal tendons. METHODS Total RNA isolated from frozen tendon samples (14 normal, 13 painful, 14 ruptured) was assayed by relative quantitative reverse transcription polyme...

BACKGROUND It is becoming increasingly apparent that the plantaris can contribute to symptoms in at least a subset of patients with midportion Achilles tendinopathy. However, the nature of its involvement remains unclear. PURPOSE To determine whether excised plantaris tendons from patients with midportion Achilles tendinopathy display tendinopathic changes and whether the presence of such cha...

BACKGROUND Tendon disorders are common problems in sports and are known to be difficult to treat. Only limited information is available concerning treatment of proximal hamstring tendinopathy. To the authors' knowledge, no histopathologic findings of proximal hamstring tendinosis have been published. HYPOTHESIS Surgery (semimembranosus tenotomy and exploration of the sciatic nerve) is an effe...

Elevated levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate and the presence of its receptor, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor type 1 (NMDAR1), have been established in patients with tendinopathy, i.e. chronic tendon pain and degeneration. However, whether NMDAR1 is up- or down-regulated in tendinopathy and co-localized with glutamate is still unexplored. We hypothesize that an alteration in tissue expressi...

OBJECTIVES To systematically review the evidence on whether statin therapy, commonly used in clinical practice to treat hypercholesterolaemia for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, contributes to tendinopathy; and to examine causality according to the Bradford Hill criteria. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review of studies examining the relationship between statin therapy ...

I read with great interest the recent article by Joseph et al,1 which is appearing in this print issue of your esteemed journal. The article is highly thought provoking. Interestingly, the past few years have seen the emergence of gene therapy as a highly effective therapeutic modality for the treatment of tendinopathies. For instance, PDGF delivered by MCM-41 mesoporous silica nanoparticles (M...