Membrane distillation has the potential to concentrate solutions to their saturation level, thus offering the possibility to recover valuable salts from the solutions. The process performance and stability, however, is strongly dependent upon the features of membranes applied. In addition, several other parameters, membrane thickness and thermal conductivity significantly affect the process per...

introduction: malt extract is one of the malt products obtainedfrom concentrations of water soluble extract of grains such as barley and is a proper alternative to white sugar. it has a high diastasis properties andcontainshigh amount of different vitamins specially the group of vitamin b as well as high amount of fermentable sugars. therefore, malt extract has high nutritional value and is rec...

Reliable values of thermal conductivity of thin films made of GaN and its alloys are important for further development of nitride technology due to the problem of self-heating in GaN-based power transistors and optical devices. Using the differential 3v technique we measured the thermal conductivity of AlxGa1−xN thin films (x=0 and 0.4) grown by the hydride vapor phase epitaxy. Thermal conducti...

The thermopower and thermal conductivity of superconducting perovskite M gCN i 3 (T c ≈ 8 K) have been studied. The thermopower is negative from room temperature to 10 K. Combining with the negative Hall coefficient reported previously, it definetly indicates that the carrier in M gCN i 3 is electron-type. There is a small phonon-drag-like thermopower peak around 35 K. Above 56 K the nonlinear ...

The thermal transport properties-thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity-of potassium selenate crystal have been measured through the successive phase transitions, following the photo-pyroelectric thermal wave technique. The variation of thermal conductivity with temperature through the incommensurate (IC) phase of this crystal is measured. The enhancement in therma...

The electronic properties of disordered systems at the Anderson metal-insulator transition (MIT) have been the subject of intense study for several decades. Thermoelectric properties at the MIT, such as thermopower and thermal conductivity, however, have been relatively neglected. Using the recursive Green’s function method and the Chester-Thellung-Kubo-Greenwood formalism, we calculate numeric...

Common heat transfer fluids such as water, ethylene glycol, and engine oil have limited heat transfer capabilities due to their low heat transfer properties. Nanofluids are suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids, a new challenge for thermal sciences provided by nanotechnology. In this study, we are to optimize and report the effects of various parameters such as the ratio of the thermal co...

The Wiedemann-Franz law, connecting the electronic thermal conductivity to the electrical conductivity of a disordered metal, is generally found to be well satisfied even when electron-electron (e-e) interactions are strong. In ultraclean conductors in the hydrodynamic regime, however, large deviations from the standard form of the law are expected, due to the fact that e-e interactions affect ...

The thermal conductivity of graphene and ultrathin graphite (thickness from 1 to ∼20 layers) encased within silicon dioxide was measured using a heat spreader method. The thermal conductivity increases with the number of graphene layers, approaching the in-plane thermal conductivity of bulk graphite for the thickest samples, while showing suppression below 160 W/m-K at room temperature for sing...

Molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conduction in nanoporous thin films are performed. Thermal conductivity displays an inverse temperature dependence for films with small pores and a much less pronounced dependence for larger pores. Increasing porosity reduces thermal conductivity, while pore shape has little effect except in the most anisotropic cases. The pores separate the film into l...