Background: A limited number of studies in non-dairy sheep breeds have investigated the assessment udder morphology on a linear scale. The aim this study was to use scoring approach determine morphological traits Norduz ewes. Methods: Udder were measured once mid-lactation (approximately 90 days) for each ewe before milking. measurements included following traits: width, circumference, length, ...

Diphallia and double scrota are rare congenital anomalies. This report records, for the first time, the gross pathological findings of a rare case of diphallia and double scrota in a two-year-old donkey. On physical examination of the donkey, double peni, double prepuces, double scrota and two testes were observed. The two peni were directed opposite to each other at the caudal ventral midline....

A farrowing crate was designed with sides spaced well apart (1150 mm) at the sow's standing height but angled inward near the floor to restrict the sow's lying area and to prevent the sow from dropping suddenly onto one side. Survival and body-weight data were collected for 20 farrowings in the prototype crate and for 18-20 farrowings in each of 3 other crate types. No significant differences w...

Dairy cows are vital for milk production, cheese, cream, and so much more. Healthy udders and teats are necessary to keep production levels at their highest and to keep the number of cows being culled to the lowest levels. Inflammation of the mammary gland is called mastitis, which is typically caused by bacteria that invade the teat canal. This disease is most often transmitted by contact with...