It is intuitively felt that visual cues should enhance online communication, and this experimental study aims to test this prediction by exploring the value provided by a webcam in an online L2 pedagogical teacher-to learner interaction. A total of 40 French undergraduate students with a B2 level in English were asked to describe in English four previously unseen photographs to a native English...

A key issue in pedagogy is individualization, i.e., adapting the teaching to the needs of various learners. In many cases, however, current e-learning systems have so far focused most on porting existing courses with traditional teaching methods onto the web/virtual environments without any fine-tuning and adaptation to the learner needs, just making non-individualized teaching even more widely...

This article presents a theoretical foundation for approaching the problem of how a learner can infer what a teacher wants it to do through strongly ambiguous interaction or observation. The article groups the interpretation of a broad range of information sources under the same theoretical framework. A teacher’s motion demonstration, eye gaze during a reproduction attempt, pushes of “good"/“ba...

What underlies young children’s failure in evaluating underinformative teachers? We explore the hypothesis that children have difficulty representing relevant alternatives; knowing what the teacher could have done. Children rated two teachers who demonstrated toys to a naı̈ve learner. One group first observed a fully informative teacher and then an underinformative teacher, while the other group...

This narrative case study investigated English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ sustainable strategies in giving feedback and the factors influencing decision-making learner-centered language learning classroom Chinese context. Data from transcripts of videotaped interaction, audio-taped stimulated recalls, semi-structured interviews were collected analyzed to report findings. Results indi...

Dear Editor in chief Each year, Iranian university authorities, as a good tradition on Teacher’s Day, choose and introduce their top educators to their academic community. Undoubtedly, this effort is a good action, generally leading to effective promotion of the educational system. However, the criteria for these selections are always a matter of big debate. In overview, an academic excellent...

In the framework of kit-build concept map, (1) a goal map is prepared by a teacher, (2) parts of the map is generated by decomposing the goal map, and then, (3) a learner makes a map (a learner map) by combining the parts. The learner map is diagnosed by comparing with the goal map. The differences between the learner map and the goal map should be resolved by the learner to complete the learne...

The design of educational material has a history of allowing people to present an individual expert view (the researcher as academic teacher) and a published base of knowledge (the academic teacher as text book writer). As learning has moved online and has now become more open a new dynamic of communication is emerging from the teacher to the learner, from the teacher to the teacher, and from t...

In Taiwan, teachers are expected to integrate technology into instruction with learner-centered beliefs; however, teacher beliefs and practices may differ. The contextual factors influencing this inconsistency must be identified. This study first examines the relationship between pedagogical beliefs of teachers and teaching activities, and further identifies differences between teacher beliefs ...

Much of learning and reasoning occurs in pedagogical situations – situations in which teachers choose examples with the goal of having a learner infer the concept the teacher has in mind. In this paper, we present a model of teaching and learning in pedagogical settings which predicts what examples teachers should choose and what learners should infer given a teachers’ examples. We present expe...