Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) has been initially developed as a remote sensing electrical measurement tool and it has been widely used to detect cable faults and discontinuities of signal lines (Somlo & Hollway, 1969). Recently, TDR has been widely applied to soil science, hydrology and agronomy to estimate the electrical properties of soils (Courtney, 1998; Evett & Parkin, 2005; Nozaki & Bos...

The photoreactivity of 4-thiothymidine (S(4)TdR) under visible light in the presence of Rose Bengal (RB), acting as a photosensitizer, was investigated in aqueous solutions at pH 7 and 12, using UV-vis, FTIR-ATR and (1)H-NMR spectroscopic techniques, time resolved absorption spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Evidence for the generation of thymidine (TdR) as th...

We read the original article by Nuis, et al. [1] and the reply by Dogan, et al. [2] with great interest. Nuis, et al. [1] examined whether transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients suffering from severe aortic stenosis led to changes in corrected QT dispersion (cQTD), previously used to predict arrhythmic risk. Dogan, et al. [2] proposed that a different marker, transmural disp...

The ongoing social and ecological crises create urgency in academia elsewhere to devise actionable problem-solving knowledge tackle sustainability challenges. Transdisciplinary research (TDR) represents a methodology for problems. TDR requires researchers get out the real world engage with other societal actors jointly produce such have impact. This radical process of doing “science society” in...

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along TDR probes, corresponding with a scale of cubic centimeters (10 6 m3) to cubic decimeters (10 3 m3). Time domain reflectometry (TDR) has become one of the standard Two different approaches to obtaining soil water conmethods for the measurement of the temporal and spatial distribution of water saturation in soils. Current waveform analysis methodology tent estimates from measured TDR wavef...

The Fourth External Review of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) took place between February 2005 and May 2006, led by Professor Abdallah Daar and colleagues [1]. Since its establishment in 1978, TDR has drawn heavily on the recommendations of its external reviews in order to shape its strategy and structures going forward [2]. This fourth review was part...

This paper describes the design of an experimental multi-level slow intelligence system for health care, called the TDR system, consisting of interacting super-components each with different computation cycles specified by an abstract machine model. The TDR system has three major super-components: Tian (Heaven), Di (Earth) and Ren (Human), which are the essential ingredients of a human-centric ...

OBJECTIVE In our previous in vitro study mid-myocardial relative to epicardial pacing decreased transmural dispersion of depolarization (TDR) and prevented ventricular arrhythmia. We therefore hypothesized that in vivo mid-myocardial pacing in canines has a similar effect. METHODS AND RESULTS Using custom-made electrodes, monophasic action potentials were simultaneously recorded in vivo from ...