Background: Discriminating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from active TBI may be challenging. The objective of this study was to produce the recombinant L-alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) antigen and evaluate individuals with LTBI, those with active TBI, and uninfected individuals by enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) in order to distinguish LTBI from active TBI.Methods: This explorato...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relative risks of low income (family socioeconomic deprivation) and associated factors for traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children. METHODS Using Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and adjusting the covariates, we conducted a population-based case-control study analyzing 8,291 pediatric patients, aged 0 year to 17 years, diagnose...

Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) has been clinically applied around the world for a spectrum of disorders requiring healing, regeneration and prevention of tissue death. One area that is attracting growing interest in this scope is the use of transcranial LLLT to treat stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). We developed a mouse model of severe TBI induced by controlled cortical impact a...

El régimen jurídico de los tratados bilaterales inversiones (en adelante TBI) se encuentra inmerso en una profunda crisis estructural. En este contexto, muchos países re-negocian o denuncian sus TBI vigentes. Otros han ido más lejos y ya adoptado nuevos modelos TBI. México parece quedarse al margen esta global la regulación jurí-dica internacional las extranjeras. Adicionalmente, algunas decisi...

Introduction: The use of standard rodent model, allows for the understanding of neuronal injury physiopathology and helping development of therapeutic strategies. Because of eliminating technical problems, we designed a modified impactor device with ability to induce different degrees according to kilodyne from very mild to very severe of spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI...

Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) often report sleep disturbances, which may be caused by changes in sleep architecture or reduced sleep quality (greater time awake after sleep onset, poorer sleep efficiency, and sleep stage proportion alterations). Sleep is beneficial for memory formation, and herein we examine whether altered sleep physiology following TBI has deleter...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem. Patients with mild, moderate and severe brain injuries suffer from physical, behavioral emotional and social problems. Beside these problems persons with TBI experience serious long enduring problems with cognitive functioning. In the present study an attempt was made to review the literature on cognitive functioning in mild moderat...

Massive studies have focused on the understanding of the pathobiology of cellular and molecular changes and injury mechanisms after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but very few studies have specially discussed the role of synapses in the context of TBI. This paper specifically highlights the role and therapeutic potentials of synapses after TBI. First, we review and conclude how synapses interact...

OBJECTIVE We examined the financial and social costs resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Missouri. METHODS We computed mortality rates from death certificates, the direct cost of TBI from hospital and emergency department (ED) visit charges, the social cost in terms of years of potential life lost (YPLL) using an abridged Missouri life table, and the indirect financial cost in term...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in white matter injury (WMI) that is associated with neurological deficits. Neuroinflammation originating from microglial activation may participate in WMI and associated disorders. To date, there is little information on the time courses of these events after mild TBI. Therefore we investigated (i) neuroinflammation, (ii) WMI and (iii) behavioral disorders ...