the necessity and importance of teaching pragmatics has come to light by many researchers (e.g. rose & kasper, 2001). due to the consensus over the need to teach pragmatic competence, the main issue now centers on the question of how we should teach this competence in the most effective way. consistent with this line of research, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of d...

In the realm of second language acquisition (SLA), task-based language teaching (TBLT) and input enhancement (IE) have been the focus of a great number of studies. However, the idea of investigating the effects of focus on form instruction through input-enhanced tasks along with pre-task planning time as one of the features of task-based language teaching has been rarely explored in the field o...

the purpose of this study is investigation the impact of components of action-centered team leadership on team synergy development has been with mediator role of individual learning and team skills. the research method is descriptive-correlation and was based on path analysis. statistical population included all staff of general administration of tax affairs of hamadan province comprised of 518...

introduction: origanum vulgare a rich source of natural phenolic antioxidants and has potential to be a source nutritional ingredients for functional food. herbs such as origanum have long been used in food preservation d in traditional medicine in the treatment of common ailments and have potential for positive modulation oxidation-linked diseases such as diabetes. here we investigated the eff...

A substantial body of research has highlighted the effects of experience on individual performance in groups. However, the challenges individuals confront after moving between groups require the adoption of more finely grained categorizations of experience to understand how they will help or hinder performance in novel group environments. This article develops a distinct form of experience here...