For the effective implementation of climate policy in Arctic, public beliefs must be taken into account its development. The research presented this report shows that majority are inclined to believe change is occurring, where younger generation associates these changes with anthropogenic impact, while older respondents natural causes. confident Russian Arctic will bring positive change, increa...

We report the results of a study of the reliability of anaphoric annotation which (i) involved a substantial number of naive subjects, (ii) used Krippendorff’s α instead of K to measure agreement, as recently proposed by Passonneau, and (iii) allowed annotators to mark anaphoric expressions as ambiguous.

A common phenomenon in judgment under uncertainty is that alternative hypotheses are underweighted or ignored. This article addresses when and how the strength of the alternative is taken into account when there are 2 hypotheses. A learning manipulation was used to invoke 2 representations of 2 illnesses in a medical diagnosis task. One representation tended to lead to consideration of the alte...