In an effort to combat West Nile Virus, planes dispersed insecticide over Sacramento, CA, treating nearly 50,000 hectares with pyrethrins and the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Widespread dispersal of insecticide over a metropolitan area, coupled with extensive pretreatment data on the area's urban creeks, provided a unique opportunity to study effects of mosquito control agents on aquatic...

BACKGROUND Pediculiasis is treated aggressively in the United States, mainly with permethrin- and pyrethrin-containing pediculicides. Increasingly frequent anecdotal reports of treatment failure suggest the emergence of insecticidal resistance by these lice. OBJECTIVE To confirm or refute the susceptibility of head lice sampled in the United States to permethrin. DESIGN Survey. Head lice we...

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are one of the major families of detoxifying enzymes that detoxifies different chemical compounds including insecticides in different insect species. Among the GST subclasses, sigma GSTs are found to be the most abundant and conserved among different insect orders. These GSTs are found to play an important role in lipid peroxidation as well as detoxification. C...

The daisy-like flowers of pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) are used to extract pyrethrins, a botanical insecticide with a long history of safe and effective use. Pyrethrum flowers also contain other potential defense compounds, particularly sesquiterpene lactones (STLs), which represent problematic allergenic residues in the extracts that are removed by the pyrethrum industry. The STLs are...

underwater target imaging using acoustic waves is possible by employing the method used in synthetic aperture radars. in recent years, synthetic aperture sonar has been the subject of several researches. wherein imaging of underwater moving target is required, inverse synthetic aperture sonar (isas) idea can be used but specifications and limitations of underwater channel should be considered. ...

Pesticides are a class of xenobiotic compounds that recalcitrant and show persistence in the environment for longer period time. Research studies have linked their potential mutagenicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity. The accumulation pesticides water sources due to runoff from agricultural lands has posed serious threat biota ecosystem as well human population. Long-term exposure can cause ...

the main object of this study was to compare the natural and synthetic( naa and nam) zeolites as absorbents in removing emulsified and dissolved traces of organic compounds, which appear in the wastewater of  power plants, refinery and petrochemical complexes.  the specific objectives of the work was: a) to select the best species that have the highest amount of absorption; b) to measure the ra...

the engineering of transgenic canola (brassica napus l. ) to make tolerance to the broad-spectrum herbicide, glyphosate, is one of the most effective approaches for weed management. glyphosate inhibits the enzyme epsps (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) enzyme which functions in the shikimate pathway and has a key role in biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids required for survival of ...

in the present study seven synthetic polymers were used as adsorbents for the removal of cd(ii) from aqueous solution. the equilibrium studies were systematically carried out in a batch process, covering various process parameters that include agitation time, adsorbent dosage, and ph of the aqueous solution. the analyzing system was an atomic absorption spectrometer (perkin-analyst 100). it was...