Disposal of chrome tanned leather waste (CTLW) generated in leather processing industries has many environmental implications. This paper presents a double pyrolysis (PI & PII) method to dispose hazardous chrome tanned leather solid waste by converting it into useful products. When CTLW was subjected to double pyrolysis, three major products obtained were; (i) an energy enriched combustible gas...

Solid state ¹³C-NMR spectra of pure tannin powders from four different sources--mimosa, quebracho, chestnut and tara--are readily distinguishable from each other, both in pure commercial powder form, and in leather which they have been used to tan. Groups of signals indicative of the source, and type (condensed vs. hydrolyzable) of tannin used in the manufacture are well resolved in the spectra...

A novel pickle less combination tannage based on nano-SiO2 and oxazolidine as a substitute for chrome tanning has been developed. The size and distribution of nano-SiO2 in protein, the hydrothermal stability, the mechanical properties and the antifungal effect of final leather as well as the evaluation of eco-friendly characteristics of combination tannage were investigated. Scanning Electric M...

Micro-XRF is a significant tool for the analysis of small regions. A micro-X-ray beam can be created in the laboratory by various focusing X-ray optics. Previously, nondestructive 3D-XRF analysis had not been easy because of the high penetration of fluorescent X-rays emitted into the sample. A recently developed confocal micro-XRF technique combined with polycapillary X-ray lenses enables depth...

A case-control study was performed on the incident cases of nasal cavity tumours which occurred between 1968 and 1982 among the residents of Vigevano (Lombardy region, northern Italy). This area is characterised by a high prevalence of shoemakers (especially in leather); the activity has predominated in Vigevano since the beginning of this century. Twenty one cases were identified (16 men and f...

to investigate the characteristics of skin and leather of hairy goats according to their sex and age, 120 goat skins were selected from the western part of iran. results indicated that sex and age had significant effects on weight and area of skin and leather. moreover, sex and age had significant effects on thickness in different parts of skin except the belly. in this regard, the overall mean...

The disposal and treatment of wastes generated in the leather industry has been the focus of several studies around the world. They intend to meet environmental legislation and make the process environmentally and economically viable. The anaerobic digestion process, which occurs in steps that involve acid and methane forming bacteria, can be an alternative since it turns the waste into renewab...

Leather tanned with different agents was pyrolyzed in the presence of CoCl2 and MnCl2 catalysts. A bovine leather sample two inorganic tanning (chromium titanium salts) organic (glutaraldehyde methylacrylic resin) has been used this study. The samples were soaked solutions or known concentration. influence on decomposition temperature resultant pyrolysis compounds evaluated by using thermogravi...