The goal of this paper is to make the similarities and differences of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and Mobile Ad Hoc (MANET) networks clear. Thus we want to show the synergetic potential hidden in these two decentralized and self organizing networks. Peer-to-Peer and mobile ad hoc networks are established on a different basis. Peer-to-Peer is based on an IP network and Mobile Ad Hoc networks are based on...

As an advanced oxidation process, the combination of sonolysis (US)/ozonolysis (O(3)) was investigated on the treatment of tannic acid (TA) and humic acid (HA). In this study, biodegradable chemicals were found by the molecular weight and GC-MS analysis method, and mineralization rate and synergetic effects were also studied. For the water samples prior to the treatment of US/O(3), ratios of mo...

We analyze, by means of Granger causality (GC), the effect of synergy and redundancy in the inference (from time series data) of the information flow between subsystems of a complex network. While we show that fully conditioned GC (CGC) is not affected by synergy, the pairwise analysis fails to prove synergetic effects. In cases when the number of samples is low, thus making the fully condition...

Teachers’ verbal behavior is a key contributor to provision of appropriate indirect intervention in language learning contexts; however, it is surprising that professionals in ELT, to date, have not proposed a structured oral/verbal framework to deliver intervention and assistance in language learning contexts. To help redress this gap, Heron’s Six-Category Intervention Analysis was adapted to ...

In East Asian traditional medicine, Pulsatillae Radix (PR) is widely used to treat amoebic dysentery and renowned for its anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to confirm evidence regarding the potential therapeutic effect of PR on Crohn's disease using a system network level based in silico approach. Study results showed that the compounds in PR are highly connected to Crohn's disease re...

Surface texturing and solid lubricants have demonstrated the ability to substantially reduce friction wear under dry conditions. In recent decades, these two technologies been combined leverage advantages of both for superior tribological performance. This review article first summarizes state-of-the-art regarding surface lubricants, including soft metals, polytetrafluorethylene, diamond-like c...