With the increasing availability of multi-unit recordings the focus of attention is shifting from bivariate estimators of spike train synchrony towards methods that describe patterns of activity across many neurons. Such measures of population spike train synchrony are becoming indispensable tools for addressing issues such as spike timing reliability, network synchronization, and neuronal codi...

Patient-ventilator synchrony is a common problem with all patients actively triggering the mechanical ventilator. In many cases synchrony can be improved by vigilant adjustments by the managing clinician. However, in most institutions clinicians are not able to spend the time necessary to ensure synchrony in all patients. Proportional assist ventilation (PAV) and neurally adjusted ventilatory a...

Measurement of synchrony in networks of complex or high-dimensional, nonstationary, and noisy systems such as the mammalian brain is technically difficult. We present a general method to analyze synchrony from multichannel time series. The idea is to calculate the phase-synchronization times and to construct a matrix. We develop a random-matrix-based criterion for proper choosing of the diagona...

Two experiments and three studies reported a significant level of menstrual synchrony after subjects had been treated with applications of axillary extract from a donor subject or after subjects have spent time together. Four studies failed to replicate these results. A comparison of the studies shows the only consistent difference is that those studies not finding menstrual synchrony reported ...

Successful behavior depends on effective communication between distant brain regions. Moreover, disturbance of effective communication can cause neurological symptoms like apraxia, dyslexia or object agnosia. Interregional communication can be assessed by coherence analysis of synchronized neuronal oscillations, and has been referred to as synchrony or "binding". The concept of synchrony as a m...

It has repeatedly been reported in the medical literature that the EEG signals of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients are less synchronous than in age-matched control patients. This phenomenon, however, does at present not allow to reliably predict AD at an early stage, so-called mild cognitive impairment (MCI), due to the large variability among patients. In recent years, many novel techniques t...

Synchronization of neuronal activity, often associated with network oscillations, is thought to provide a means for integrating anatomically distributed processing in the brain. Neuronal processing, however, involves simultaneous oscillations in various frequency bands. The mechanisms involved in the integration of such spectrally distributed processing have remained enigmatic. We demonstrate, ...

The Alpharma Beef Cattle Nutrition symposium was held at the joint annual meeting of the American Society of Animal Science, the American Dairy Science Association, the Asociación Mexicana de Producción Animal, and the Poultry Science Association in San Antonio, Texas, July 8 to 12, 2007. The purpose of the symposium was to discuss the potential to influence ruminant animal production through n...

Neural oscillations in the low-gamma range (30-50 Hz) have been implicated in neuronal synchrony, computation, behavior, and cognition. Abnormal low-gamma activity, hypothesized to reflect impaired synchronization, has been evidenced in several brain disorders. Thus, understanding the relations between gamma oscillations, neuronal synchrony and behavior is a major research challenge. We used a ...