We have developed procedures for detecting synaptic vesicle-binding proteins by using glutaraldehyde-fixed or native vesicle fractions as absorbent matrices. Both adsorbents identify a prominent synaptic vesicle-binding protein of 36 kD in rat brain synaptosomes and mouse brain primary cultures. The binding of this protein to synaptic vesicles is competed by synaptophysin, a major integral memb...

The presence of unique proteins in synaptic vesicles of neurons suggests selective targeting during vesicle formation. Endocrine, but not other cells, also express synaptic vesicle membrane proteins and target them selectively to small intracellular vesicles. We show that the rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PC12, has a population of small vesicles with sedimentation and density properties very ...

After synthesis in neuronal perikarya, proteins destined for synapses and other distant axonal sites are transported in three major groups that differ in average velocity and protein composition: fast component (FC), slow component-a (SCa), and slow component-b (SCb). The FC transports mainly vesicular cargoes at average rates of approximately 200-400 mm/d. SCa transports microtubules and neuro...

OBJECTIVE White matter remodeling plays an important role in neurological recovery after stroke. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and Niaspan, an agent which increases high density lipoprotein (HDL), each induces neurorestorative effects and promotes white matter remodeling after stroke in non-diabetic rats. In this study, we test whether combination of BMSCs with Niaspan induces an enhanced w...

OF THESIS TIME-DEPENDENCE OF DISTAL-TO-PROXIMAL HIPPOCAMPAL NEURODEGENERATION PRODUCED BY N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR ACTIVATION Excitotoxicity is the overexcitation of neurons due to the excessive activation of excitatory amino acid receptors and is thought to be involved in many neurodegenerative states. The manner in which the neuron breaks down during excitotoxicity is still unclear. The ...

Title Less stimulating environmental conditions decrease spatial learning ability and reduce GAP-43 and synaptophysin immunostaining in the hippocampal formation in adult male mice 1 Environmental conditions affect learning ability and cause neuroanatomical alterations of neu-rons and synapses in the hippocampal formation. We reared male mice in standard, enriched and wheel-running environments...

Cognitive impairment has been a common complication of diabetic. Recent evidences have pointed out angiotensin-IV (Ang-IV) can facilitate memory acquisition and recovery, whether it also can improve cognitive functions of diabetic rats with cognition disorder and the possible mechanisms if it really can are yet unknown. In this study, 45 Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats were divided into three gro...

Ten dogs with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the liver were selected for inclusion in the study. Clinical signs were anorexia (7), vomiting (5), polydipsia/polyuria (3), icterus (2), lethargy (2), weight loss (2), paresis (1), ataxia (1), weakness (1), collapse (1), and urinary tract infection (1). Hematologic and biochemical abnormalities included anemia (2/8), leukocytosis (4/8), high liver enzy...