Urine is the CDC-recommended specimen for STI testing. It was unknown if the bacterial communities (microbiomes) in urine reflected those in the distal male urethra. We compared microbiomes of 32 paired urine and urethral swab specimens obtained from adult men attending an STD clinic, by 16S rRNA PCR and deep pyrosequencing. Microbiomes of urine and swabs were remarkably similar, regardless of ...

AIMS To test the hypothesis that absence of squamous cells in cervical smears obtained by an endocervical sampling technique is more prominent in patients with a cervical ectropion. METHODS Prospective study exploring the relation between the composition of cervical smears obtained using an endocervical cotton swab in patients with (n = 188) and without (n = 341) a cervical ectropion. Subject...

background and objective: cervical cancer involves many women annually and pop smear test has played a significant role in reducing its mortality and for this reason, its improvement is very essential. in this respect, cervex brush is a new tool that has been introduced in many countries. therefore, this study was conducted to compare pop smears from cotton swab-spatula and cervex brush methods...

One of the commendable steps to curb spread coronavirus disease is detecting virus immediately. Hence, most suitable sample and an accurate diagnostic test, such as a nasopharyngeal swab oropharyngeal swab, can be critical for achieving this goal. However, there not 100% reliant on sampling method used tests are possibilities false negatives due inadequate viral genome in sample. Therefore, pap...

INTRODUCTION Conjunctival swab PCR was evaluated as a tool to diagnose visceral leishmaniasis in dogs. METHODS Conjunctival swab PCR was compared to indirect immunofluorescence antibody test and blood PCR. RESULTS Indirect immunofluorescence was significantly correlated with conjunctival swab PCR (p < 0.05), but not with blood PCR (p > 0.05). In addition, conjunctival swab PCR was significa...

Every microbiologist knows that the best specimens for culture are fluids or tissue. However, we rarely get what we want. The majority of the specimens that microbiology laboratories receive are collected on swabs. Clinicians favor the swab as a collection and transport system because of its ease of use, low cost, and availability. What is the laboratory to do? We need to understand the various...

Twenty-four matched pairs of isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica and three matched pairs of isolates of Pasteurella multocida were isolated by using a nasal swab and a transtracheal swab from individual calves with clinical signs of bovine respiratory disease. The identity of each matched pair was confirmed biochemically and serologically. The similarity of the isolates obtained from a nasal sw...

There are at least 29 serotypes of Streptococcus suis, with types 1, 2, 3, and 8 being the most common in North America.) Streptococcus suis may cause disease outbreaks in pigs of all ages.2 Many of the serotypes have been associated with septicemia resulting in meningitis, pneumonia, arthritis, endocarditis, and polyserositis. Summary: To determine the possible sources of Streptococcus suis th...

We assessed the suitability of a frequently used sampling method employing cotton swabs for collecting animal body odor for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Our method validation showed that both sampling material and sampling protocols affect the outcome of the analyses. Thus, among the tested protocols swabs of pure viscose baked befo...