Eosinophils have been reported to modulate T cell responses. Previously, we reported that high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) played a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma. This study was conducted to test our hypothesis that eosinophils could modulate T cell responses via HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of asthma characterized by eosinophilic airway inflammation. We performed in vitro experi...

The properties of mouse macrophage procoagulant induced by endotoxin in vitro were studied by the acceleration of clotting and by chromogenic assays using as substrates human plasma and bovine components, which are not activated by mouse tissue factor. Maximal macrophage procoagulant activity occurred when activated cells were lysed in culture supernatant fluids, suggesting the interaction of c...

Pulmonary surfactant is necessary to keep the terminal conducting airways patent. It is unknown whether mild to moderate airway inflammation may influence surfactant function and thus contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic airway inflammation in children. To answer this question, 21 children with chronic obstructive bronchitis and 19 asymptomatic children with long-term tracheostomy and incr...

Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli strain LF82 recovered from a chronic lesion of a patient with Crohn's disease is able to invade cultured intestinal epithelial cells. Three mutants with impaired ability to invade epithelial cells had the Tn5phoA transposon inserted in the yfgL gene encoding the YfgL lipoprotein. A yfgL- negative isogenic mutant showed a marked decrease both in its ability to ...

Urinary extracellular vesicles (UEVs) appear an ideal source of biomarkers for kidney and urogenital diseases. The majority of protocols designed for their isolation are based on differential centrifugation steps. However, little is still known of the type and amount of vesicles left in the supernatant. Here we used an isolation protocol for UEVs which uses hydrostatic filtration dialysis as fi...

Occurrence and level of hydrolytic enzymatic activity (proteases, glycosidases, phosphatases, lipases, and esterases) were studied in oocytes, larvae, juveniles, and adult haemolymph of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Samples were obtained as oocyte lysate supernatant, larval homogenate supernatant, juvenile homogenate supernatant, haemocyte lysate supernatant, and plasma. The presence of...

This study aimed to screen the antibacterial effect of Lactococcus lactis against selected pathogens and characterize its probiotic properties in vitro. The whole-cell product cell-free supernatant L. were tested compound was found be greater than that supernatant. exhibited greatest inhibitory A. veronii from which it isolated same environment. showed observable growth at 4-37 °C, 1-4% NaCl, 0...

The d-amino acid content of Ishizuchi-kurocha, a post-fermented tea produced in Ehime, Japan, was measured. Ishizuchi-kurocha mainly contains d-glutamic and d-alanine, but it also small amount d-aspartic acid. Two types lactic bacteria, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) Levilactobacillus brevis brevis), are the main species involved fermentation during process. Therefore, acid-produc...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the proximate composition of Spirulina platensis and growth performance in supernatant different concentrations (supernatant 20, 40 60 rotten guavas) digested guava medium (DRGM). The rates terms optical density, dry cell weight chlorophyll a spirulina were varied from each other. attained maximum 0.818 ± 0.003 mg/L 60% DRGM followed by 0.815 0.0015 0.809...

Squalene epoxidation of microsome-associated squalene is stimulated by a soluble protein termed "supernatant protein factor" (SPF) (Saat, Y. A., and Bloch, K. E. (1976)J. Biol. Chem. 251, 5155-5160). In the absence of SPF, the initial rate for microsome-bound squalene epoxidation is rapid for 5 to 10 min but falls off sharply thereafter. SPF does not affect the rapid initial epoxidation rate of...