The dynamics of supercooled water in aqueous solutions of the single amino acid L-lysine has been studied by broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The chosen biological system is unique in the sense that the water content is high enough to fully dissolve the amino acid, but low enough to avoid crystallisation to ice at any temperature. This is not possible to achieve for proteins or other larger b...

The physical boundary of metastable states, the kinetic spinodal, is introduced as a locus where the lifetime of metastable state becomes shorter than a relaxation time to local equilibrium. The theory does not contain any adjustable parameters. If the surface tension is known, the kinetic spinodal is completely determined by the equation of state only. The curvature e ect on the surface tensio...

A synthesis method for the production of amorphous metallic foam is introduced. This method utilizes the thermodynamic stability and thermoplastic formability of the supercooled liquid state to produce low-density amorphous metallic foams in dimensions that are not limited to the critical casting thickness. The method consists of three stages: the prefoaming stage, in which a large number of sm...

Glassy alloy rods with diameters up to 1.5mm exhibiting a large supercooled liquid region before crystallization and high mechanical strength were formed in Cu-Zr and Cu-Hf binary alloy systems by the copper mold casting method. The large supercooled liquid region exceeding 40K was obtained in the composition range of 30 to 70 at%Zr and 35 to 60 at%Hf. The largest value of the supercooled liqui...

Aqueous solutions of LiCl have recently received much attention in connection with the study of the anomalies of supercooled water and its polyamorphism. From the point of view of computer simulation, there is need for a force field that can reproduce the structural and dynamical properties of this solution, and more importantly it is also simple enough to use in large scale simulations of supe...

During the austral summer, larvae of the terrestrial midge Belgica antarctica (Diptera: Chironomidae) experience highly variable and often unpredictable thermal conditions. In addition to remaining freeze tolerant year-round, larvae are capable of swiftly increasing their cold tolerance through the rapid cold-hardening (RCH) response. The present study compared the induction of RCH in frozen ve...

W hen a substance remains liquid below its melting point, it is said to be in a metastable supercooled state. In the region where the substance can be supercooled, the crystal is still the stable state, but crystallization can be avoided if the cooling occurs fast enough. The supercooled phase diagram of water has received particular attention (1). The anomalous thermodynamic properties of wate...

We report molecular-dynamics simulation results performed for a model of molecular liquid orthoterphenyl in supercooled states, which we then compare with both experimental data and mode-coupling-theory (MCT) predictions, aiming at a better understanding of structural relaxation in orthoterphenyl. We pay special attention to the wave number dependence of the collective dynamics. It is shown tha...

We investigate dynamic heterogeneities in liquid water by performing molecular dynamics simulations of the SPC/E model. We find clusters of mobile molecules. We study the temperature and time dependence of the cluster size and find that clusters grow as temperature decreases and have a maximum size at the time scale corresponding to the escape of the molecules from the cage formed by neighborin...

Classical Molecular Dynamics simulations are carried out to investigate the aggregation of supercooled benzoic acid in confined spaces. Nanocavities, nanotubes and nanolayers defined by restricting periodicity the...