The kinetics of the reaction of nitrite ion in bisulfite solutions to form hydroxylamine disulfonate have been investigated. Evidence has been presented that nitrososulfonic acid is an intermediate in this reaction, and it can undergo sulfonation or hydrolysis reactions. The hydrolysis reaction yields N20 under the present conditions of study (acid solutions) which complicates the determination...

Morphological investigations of poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluorovinyl ether) (PFA)-g-polystyrene sulfonic acid membranes prepared by radiation-induced graft copolymerization of styrene onto PFA films followed by sulfonation were performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The analyzed materials included grafted film and sulfonated membrane samples having various degrees of grafting. Ori...

A series of fluorinated sulfonated poly (ether amide)s (SPAs) were synthesized for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications. A polycondensation reaction of 4,4’-oxydianiline, 2-sulfoterephthalic acid monosodium salt, and tetrafluorophenylene dicarboxylic acids (terephthalic and isophthalic) or fluoroaliphatic dicarboxylic acids produced SPAs with sulfonation degrees of 80–90%. Controllin...

Synthesis of a new class of anionic and amphoteric sucrose-based surfactants is described. Direct sulfonation of 6-O-acylsucrose using the pyridine±sulfur trioxide complex led to a mixture of the regioisomeric monosulfates, 6-O-acyl-40±O-sulfosucrose and 6-O-acyl-10-O-sulfosucrose, while sulfonation of 10-O-acylsucrose a€orded a mixture of 10-O-acyl-60-O-sulfosucrose and 10-O-acyl-6O-sulfosucro...

Characterization of the molar mass distribution (MMD) poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is very troublesome due to insolubility PEEK in common solvents. The solubility may be substantially improved after its sulfonation. Sulfonated (SPEEK) was prepared by sulfonation with 98% concentrated H2SO4 at room temperature. presence sulfonic acid group (-SO3H) matrix confirmed nuclear magnetic resonance ...