Added sugar regulations and recommendations have been proposed by policy makers around the world. With no universal definition, limited access to added sugar values in food products and no analytical difference from intrinsic sugars, added sugar recommendations present a unique challenge. Average added sugar intake by American adults is approximately 13% of total energy intake, and recommendati...

A review is given of the research on micronutricnts in the South African sugar industry, with special reference to zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn). The results of a number of field experiments are summarised and the rncasured responses related to tlie micronutrient content of third leaf samples. The main outcomes of a recent survey of the micronutrient status of 2 000 fields throughout ...

The tendency in industry is to replace batch processing of materials by continuous processing, because the continuous processes have 'many advantages over the former. In any process it is always our aim to keep within narrow limits to the optimum conditions that have been determined for the process. This is especially true for the juice clarification process in the sugar industry, where only sm...

The conversion of lignocellulose is a crucial topic in the renewable and sustainable chemical industry. However, cellulose from lignocellulose is not soluble in polar solvents, and is, therefore, difficult to convert into value-added chemicals. A strategy to overcome this drawback is the use of mesoporous carbon, which enhances the affinity between the cellulose and the catalyst through its abu...

The agricultural economy of the coastal zone of Queensland and adjacent areas of New South Wales is dominated by sugar production designed for inter-state and overseas export destinations. The modern bulk-cargo terminals which provide shipment facilities at six Queensland sugarports constitute a critical element in a complex system of cultivation, processing, transport and marketing which is cl...

In Brazil the sugar ethanol industry has had strong growth in the last 10 years, sometimes due to the growing sugar exportation, sometimes due to the alcohol production for automobile fuel and for exportation. Despite the growing mechanization of the raw material harvest (sugar cane), the manual work still persists. The development of this article was based in the application of the OCRA Method...

This paper suggests that a new approach is required to link smallholders with agribusiness in developing countries. This approach combines the use of the new institutional economics, a case study methodology and the lessons of history, to develop some suggestions for the design of a viable and sustainable contract farming model. A case study methodology in the Southern African sugar industry is...

In the South African sugar industry it is important that relatively inexpensive but viable drainage systems are de,:el,oped for those soils which have a low hydraulic conductrvity. From the results offield and laboratory investigations conducted during the past five years it appears that the use of unlined mole channels as an alternative for, or a supplement to conventional subsurface drainage,...

This study examines social complexity in the sugar industry. The sugar industry is complex, characterized by multiple stakeholders each with their own objectives. This study focuses on the interrelationships between the stakeholders by analyzing social complexity. The qualitative research approach was employed. Twenty-three in-depth, unstructured interviews were conducted with various stakehold...

The South African sugar industry moves 74% of the annual crop by road transport. As fuel prices continue to rise there is therefore a need to investigate the effects of load size and tractor size on the fuel consumption and the productivity of transport units. Tests have been carried out to evaluate the effects of these parameters for the tractor sizes most common in the sugar industry. Results...