Diagnostic tests for visceral leishmaniasis that are based on antigens of a single Leishmania strain can have low diagnostic performance in regions where heterologous parasites predominate. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the performance of five serological tests, based on different Leishmania antigens, in three endemic countries for visceral leishmaniasis. A total number o...

The marginalized and oppressed women in Sudan, alongside the subaltern living on margin, are depicted current work. “The Ostrich” by Laila Aboulela shows protagonist’s life of Sumra both Khartoum, London UK. represents Sudanese struggling hard to find their place a patriarchal society. structure this article can be articulated two arguments; empowerment supremacy power tradition implanted Sudan...

The steadily growing COVID-19 pandemic is challenging health systems worldwide including Sudan. In Sudan, the first case was reported on 13th March 2020, and up to 11 November 2020 there were 14,401 confirmed cases of which 9,535 recovered rest 3,750 under treatment. Additionally, 1,116 deaths reported, indicating a relatively high fatality rate 7.7%. Several preventive control measures impleme...

PROBLEM Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are important tools in malaria control. South Sudan, like many other endemic countries, has struggled to improve LLIN coverage and utilization. APPROACH In 2006, Southern Sudan - known as South Sudan after independence in 2011 - initiated a strategic plan to increase LLIN coverage so that at least 60% of households had at least one LLIN each. By ...

OBJECTIVES To review the studied risk factors that linked to aetiology of oral cancer in the Sudan. There have been numerous reports in the increase in the incidence of oral cancer from various parts of the world. A recent trend for a rising incidence of oral cancer, with the absence of the well established risk factors, has raised concern. Although, there are inconsistent data on incidence and...

There are five antigenically distinct ebolaviruses that cause hemorrhagic fever in humans or non-human primates (Ebola virus, Sudan virus, Reston virus, Taï Forest virus, and Bundibugyo virus). The small handful of antibodies known to neutralize the ebolaviruses bind to the surface glycoprotein termed GP₁,₂. Curiously, some antibodies against them are known to neutralize in vitro but not protec...

BACKGROUND Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) activity has recently been detected in the Kordufan region of Sudan. Since 2008, several sporadic cases and nosocomial outbreaks associated with high case-fatality have been reported in villages and rural hospitals in the region. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the present study, we describe a cluster of cases occurring in June 2009 in Dunkop village, A...

Despite the growing burden of cancer worldwide, it continues to receive low priority in Africa, across the continent and specifically in Sudan. This is due to political unrest, limited health resources, and other pressing public health issues such as infectious diseases. Lack of awareness about the magnitude of the current and future cancer burden among policy makers play a major role as well. ...

PURPOSE The study of the relationship ,between the age at menarche and socioeconomic status in a rural area in Sudan. WORK METHOD This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in Altadamon and Eldubha areas in the northern state of Sudan during year 2006. It included 182 girls of age between 13 to 18 years in elementary and secondary school. WORK RESULTS The mean age at menarche fo...

Cattle raiding, a longstanding practice among pastoralists in South Sudan, was historically governed by cultural authorities and ritual prohibitions. However, after decades of on-and-off integration into armed forces, raiders are now heavily armed, and military-style attacks claim dozens if not hundreds of lives at a time. Beginning with the emergence of the infamous Lou Nuer “White Army” in th...