Global warming has been largely driven by increasing atmospheric GHG (Green House Gasses), particularly carbon dioxide caused by fossil fuels burning. The current trend can not be stopped except by reducing fossil fuel consumption or storing organic carbon in soil or earthchr('39')s biological systems such as forests, rangelands and agricultural systems. This study was conducted to determine th...

in this thesis,spin dependend transport and electron transport through of ng/sg(graphene/ superconductor graphen) are studied in the junction of ng/fgt/sg. due to andreev reflection conductance increases in the presence of superconductor graphene.also, by applying a voltage gate on a superconductor, fermi level shifts and the conductance is independent of ferromagnatic substrate. also, the cond...