teachers’ beliefs greatly influence their performance in the classroom, their choice of instructional strategies, their way of controlling the class, their dealing with the students, and their general goals and objectives. one of these beliefs is teachers’ sense of efficacy which is viewed as an important construct and has shown to be positively correlated with students’ achievement (ross, 1992...

Researchers and experts have employed various approaches in dealing with Islamic Architecture. Architects, scholars, designers, mystics and philosophers have interpreted this phenomenon in their particular ways over time. Some merely have considered historical descriptive methods as an outward expression. Sometimes these descriptions and analysis aim at definition of spaces and architectural el...

Classical methods in discrimination such as linear and quadratic do not have good efficiency in the case of nongaussian or nonlinear time series data. In nonparametric kernel discrimination in which the kernel estimators of likelihood functions are used instead of their real values has been shown to have good performance. The misclassification rate of kernel discrimination is usually less than ...

efl/esl textbooks have been regarded as essential language teaching materials with which the learners spend about 70 up to 90 percent of their class time. the important role they play and their vast use make them not only influential in learning the language but also in shaping values and attitudes. put it another way, textbooks socialize learners using their contents (i.e. texts, illustrations...

after the soviet union dissolution, a chaotic period was begun in the russia. russia lost its glory and felt disgrace. the first group of elites came to power under yeltsin; they tried to re-define russia’s identity as a european country and build a foreign policy on this baseline. therefore russia tried to become closer with the west especially with the u.s. according to their view the sovie...

William Chittick, currently Professor of Religious Studies at the State University of New York (Stony Brook), is an internationally renowned expert on Islamic thought. His contributions to the fields of Sufism and Islamic philosophy have helped paint a clearer picture of the intellectual and spiritual landscape of Islamic civilization from the 7th/13th century onwards. Yet Chittick is not simpl...

in this thesis, barium ferrite nano particles were prepared by sol-gel method. their structural and magnetic properties of samples have been investigated using thermo gravimetric analysis (tg-dta), x-ray powder diffractometer (xrd), fourier transform infrared (ftir), scanning electron microscopy (sem), field emission scanning electron microscopy (fesem), ac susceptometer, vibrating sample magne...