To clarify the pathogenesis of two different types of adult-onset normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), we investigated cerebrospinal fluid distribution on the high-field three-dimensional MRI. The subarachnoid spaces in secondary NPH were smaller than those in the controls, whereas those in idiopathic NPH were of similar size to the controls. In idiopathic NPH, however, the basal cistern and Sy...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Serotonin released from platelets has been suggested as one substance causing the vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. We studied whether such serotonin is able to constrict pial vessels. METHODS We studied the uptake of serotonin in pial perivascular nerves by immunohistochemistry. We measured the contractile response in rat basilar artery after in vitro incuba...

PURPOSE To describe brain CT alterations occurring after neonatal venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO). METHODS CT studies were prospectively obtained after V-V ECMO in 31 neonates with severe respiratory failure. Images were scored for cerebrospinal fluid space size, hemorrhage, and regions of decreased attenuation. RESULTS Subarachnoid space enlargement at the interhe...

The outermost layer is the dura mater. The middle layer is the arachnoid mater. The inner layer is the pia mater. The epidural space is the space between the vertebral column and the dura mater. There is only a 'potential' epidural space in the skull. The subdural space is the space between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater. The subarachnoid space is the space between the arachnoid mater a...

The outermost layer is the dura mater. The middle layer is the arachnoid mater. The inner layer is the pia mater. The epidural space is the space between the vertebral column and the dura mater. There is only a 'potential' epidural space in the skull. The subdural space is the space between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater. The subarachnoid space is the space between the arachnoid mater a...

Although cerebral hypoperfusion caused by cerebral occlusive disease leads to cerebral ischemic events, an effective treatment has not yet been established. Recently, a novel therapeutic strategy for ischemic disease using angiogenic growth factors to expedite and/or augment collateral artery development has been proposed. Therapeutic angiogenesis might be useful for the treatment of cerebral o...

External hydrocephalus (EH) is a condition in which infants with rapidly enlarging heads are found to have a CT scan that shows widening of the subarachnoid space with mild or no ventricular dilation. In this study, 74 infants with EH associated with a variety of conditions were examined clinically and with CT scans to identify the radiologic features of the condition as well as to understand i...

PURPOSE To measure the tissue pressure gradient through the optic disk and to determine the relationship between intraocular, cerebrospinal fluid, and retrolaminar tissue pressures. The relationship of optic nerve subarachnoid space pressure to intracranial cerebrospinal fluid pressure also was explored. METHODS Micropipettes coupled to a pressure transducer were passed through pars plana and...

DESCRIPTION A lady in her 50s was transferred to the neurosurgical department with reduced conscious level resulting from subarachnoid haemorrhage. The culpable anterior communicating artery aneurysmwas coiled without complication. The following day she remained drowsy and slightly dysphasic, but intimated a sudden alteration in visual acuity in her right eye. On examination, she was unable to ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA) has advantages over single injection epidural or subarachnoid blockades. The objective of this report was to present a case in which segmental subarachnoid block can be an effective technique for gastrointestinal surgery with spontaneous respiration. CASE REPORT Patient with physical status ASA III, with diabetes mellitus ty...