This article explores the use of civic discourse in Gildas’ De Excidio Britonum. It argues that such language and imagery functioned within a larger dialectical argument exhorted readers to choose virtue over vice. Gildas assigned Britons collective moral agency by styling them citizens (cives) shared homeland (patria) defined cities (civitates). Due citizens’ failings, however, this urban land...

Ever since the Meiji period, kimono has been commodified — nationally and internationally as Japanese national dress, symbolising Japan a land full of exquisite, exotic traditions. While production is now in decline, its image still thriving, actively promoted marketed to attract tourists domestic international ones alike quest an “authentic”, sometimes premium, experience. As result, consumed ...

The goal on this investigation was to develop a detachable high heel shoe construction that could enter the current high heel market. The impact of high heel shoes on women's fashion is enormous but there are associated issues of comfort and health with these shoes. This work aims to maintain the appealing aspects of a high heel shoe while adding a concealed mechanism to enable the heel to be e...

Abstract The combined value of any product design method depends on the benefits and costs use, determining need to put into practice. In this study, a virtual reality system was constructed support widely adopted user interview for usability improvement an existing product, using industrial remote control as example. verified be superior use interviews alone, in terms number importance questio...