Erythromycin inhibits protein synthesis by its effect on ribosome function (14, 118, 119). The metabolic modifications that enable cells to cope with the inhibitory action of erythromycin fall under major headings that include (i) target site alteration, (ii) antibiotic modification, and (iii) altered antibiotic transport. This minireview concentrates on target site alteration, which for erythr...

DHA-1 is an inducible plasmid-mediated AmpC b-lactamase whose emergence raises concerns because the mortality of patients infected with organisms that produce DHA-1 has been shown to be higher than that of patients infected with organisms that produce CMY-1. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that plasmid-mediated AmpC b-lactamases have emerged in Switzerland. The prevalence of 0.16% is still ...

The incidence of drug-resistant pathogens differs greatly between countries according to differences in the usage of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenotypic resistance of 321 methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 195 methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) in a total of 516 S. aureus strains to macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B (MLS B), ...

Laboratory differentiation of erythromycin resistance phenotypes is poorly standardized for pneumococci. In this study, 85 clinical isolates of erythromycin-resistant (MIC > or = 1 microg/ml) Streptococcus pneumoniae were tested for the resistance phenotype by the erythromycin-clindamycin double-disk test (previously used to determine the macrolide resistance phenotype in Streptococcus pyogenes...

OBJECTIVES Our aim was to study the antimicrobial susceptibilities and macrolide resistance mechanisms of viridans group streptococci (VGS) in a Korean tertiary hospital. METHODS MICs of five antimicrobials were determined for 106 VGS isolated from blood cultures. The macrolide resistance mechanisms of erythromycin non-susceptible isolates were studied by the double-disc test and PCR. RESUL...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains with inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (iMLS(B)) resistance phenotype may lead to clinical failure during clindamycin (CLI) therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of MLS(B) phenotypes by using D-test method and genotypes by using multiplex real-time PCR method in MRSA strains. A total of 265 MRSA str...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections have become common among both hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients. Optimal outpatient therapy for MRSA infections has yet to be determined, but this matter is complicated by the possibility of inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance (MLSBi). We studied the prevalence of MLSBi in community- and hospital-associ...

ermK instructs bacteria to synthesize an erythromycin-inducible 23S rRNA methylase that confers resistance to the macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B antibiotics. Expression of ermK is regulated by transcriptional attenuation, in contrast to other inducible erm genes, previously described, which are regulated translationally. The ermK mRNA leader sequence has a total length of 357 nucle...