Objective To compare hospital-wide code rates and mortality before and after the implementation of a rapid response team (RRT). Study design A prospective cohort design with historical controls. Place of study This study was conducted at Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, from January 21, 2016, to January 20, 2017. Materials and methods The triggers for the rapid response team (RRT) were ...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the group of children on renal replacement therapy (RRT) who reach the age of 18 years and are transferred from paediatric to adult nephrology services. The aim of this study was to describe patient demographics, primary renal diseases, treatment history and determine the risk factors for mortality of these young adults who started RRT in childhood. METHODS We...

The challenges of appropriate drug dosing in patients with renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) have been exacerbated by recent trends in both RRT technology and practices. Nearly all these changes have resulted in augmented drug clearance, making most existing RRT drug dosing recommendations obsolete. Many barriers exist to conducting research to update our knowledge of appr...

BACKGROUND Little is known about factors that influence the timing of initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for acute kidney injury (AKI). We sought to better describe these factors for Canadian physicians that prescribe RRT for AKI. METHODS A web-based survey was conducted of physicians involved in the decision to initiate RRT for critically ill patients in Canada. Participants were ...

BACKGROUND To investigate whether haemodynamic intolerance to fluid removal during intermittent renal replacement therapy (RRT) in critically ill patients can be predicted by a passive leg raising (PLR) test performed before RRT. METHODS We included 39 patients where intermittent RRT with weight loss was decided. Intradialytic hypotension was defined as hypotension requiring a therapeutic int...

Avian influenza virus (AIV) can infect a variety of avian species and mammals, leading to severe economic losses in poultry industry and posing a substantial threat to public health. Currently, traditional virus isolation and identification is inadequate for the early diagnosis because of its labor-intensive and time-consuming features. Real-time RT-PCR (RRT-PCR) is an ideal method for the dete...

BACKGROUND To investigate the impact of timing the initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), focusing on the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in this field. METHODS The PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched between January 1, 1985, and June 30, 2016, to identify randomized trials that assessed...

The RRT algorithm represents an extreme in the design space of planning algorithms. It forsakes optimality and explores the space through randomness and a small bias towards goals. This is in marked contrast to other planning strategies such as visibility graphs or voronoi diagrams which carefully analyze and partition the space to find paths. This difference makes RRT very efficient even in hi...

Motion planning problems have been studied by both the robotics and the controls research communities for a long time, and many algorithms have been developed for their solution. Among them, incremental sampling-based motion planning algorithms, such as the Rapidlyexploring Random Trees (RRT), and the Probabilistic Road Maps (PRM) have become very popular recently, owing to their implementation...